AP Bio - Chapter 16.1-16.3 (Introduction to Evolution)

What is the advantage of having different shaped beaks?

• To look different from other species.
• To be able to eat the food readily available in the environment.
• To protect itself against predators.
• To protect itself against prey.

Which of the following is a term for a group of similar organisms that can reproduce fertile offspring?

• individual
• population
• species
• fossil

a measure of how commonly a particular allele occurs in a population is known as the 

• gene pool
• allele frequency
• mutation rate
• phenotype

Genetic variation can arise from a random change in the DNA of a gene.  The change is called a(n)

• mutation
• gene flow
• gene pool
• allele

What is genetic drift?

• The movement of genes in/out of a population
• A small, random change in the DNA
• Any change in the allelic frequencies in a population that is due to chance
• ›The process in which humans select for or against particular features in organisms

In the Hardy-Weinberg Equation, q² is the frequency of what?

• The recessive allele 
• the dominant allele
• the recessive genotype
• the dominant genotype

The Hardy-Weinberg Model is?

• Available at local hobby stores and retailers throughout the Greater Cleveland area.
• A mathematical tool that biologists can use to predict allele frequencies and determine whether or not evolution is occurring within a population.
• Always occurring within populations of organisms in nature.
• Only useful in the lab and cannot be practically applied to real-world populations of organisms.  

In the early 2000s, White Nose fungus caused a mass die-off of native American bat species. Those bats that survived will continue the population with their own allele frequencies.  What type of genetic drift is this?

• Founder Effect
• Bottlenose Effect
• Bottleneck Effect
• Migration Effect

A migratory bird unknowingly accumulates a few seeds of the hwagha plant in her feathers and drops them in an area where those plants did not live before.  This is an example of

• Founder Effect
• Predation
• Bottleneck Effect
• Migration

In H-W Equilibrium, what is p?

• hilarious genotype

• heterozygous genotype

• the homozygous recessive genotype

• the dominant allele frequency