8.L.3 (Ecosystems) Review

The graph shows the relationship between available space in an ecosystem and a population of rabbits. How would the rabbit population be affected if land was cleared to build a housing development?

• The rabbit population would increase.

• The rabbit population would decrease.

• The rabbit population would remain stable.

• Rabbits would become extinct.

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Which is an abiotic factor that would affect the growth of a population within an ecosystem?

• the availability of water

• the availability of producers

• the type of herbivores present

• the number of carnivores present

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Which is the most significant limiting factor in a desert ecosystem?

• nutrients

• sunlight

• sand

• water

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In a tropical rainforest, shrubs and plants grow better in areas where a canopy tree has fallen. Which most likely occurs in the area where the tree falls that helps the plants and shrubs grow taller?

• a decrease in competition for sunlight

• a decrease in the amount of rainfall

• an increase in herbivore population

• a decrease in soil fertility

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Which increases most when shelter is limited?

• commensalism

• competition

• cooperation

• mutualism

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Termites eat wood, but are unable to digest the wood. Trychonympha lives in the gut of a termite and is able to digest the wood for food, making its nutrients available to the termite. Which best represents the relationship which exists between the termite and the Trychonympha?

• coexistence

• competition

• mutualism

• parasitism

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Which represents a predator/prey relationship?

• A cheetah catches and eats an antelope.

• A tick sucks blood and tissue fluids from a dog.

• A sea anemone protects a clown fish from larger fish.

• Bacteria feed on and decompose dead organic matter.

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The tapeworm lives inside the digestive system of humans and harms its human host by taking in nutrients from the human's food. The tapeworm harms its human host. Which ecological relationship is this?

• cooperation

• mutualism

• parasitism

• competition

Populations of wolves and rabbits in an ecosystem are represented by the graph. Which best explains the relationship between wolves and rabbits in the ecosystem?

• As the number of rabbits increases, the number of wolves increases.

• As the number of rabbits increases, the number of wolves remains constant.

• As the number of rabbits stay the same, the number of wolves increases.

• As the number of rabbits decreases, the number of wolves increases.

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Energy from the Sun enters ecosystems through the transformation of light to chemical energy. This energy is available to different organisms based on the trophic level in which the organisms exist. Which statement best describes the availability of energy for organisms in different trophic levels?

• Available energy increases as trophic levels increase.

• Available energy decreases as trophic levels increase.

• Primary consumers have the least energy available.

• Tertiary consumers have the most energy available.