AP Review - Learning

A lion in a circus learns to stand up on a chair and jump through a hoop to receive a food treat.

• classical conditioning

• operant conditioning

• observational learning

Ivan Pavlov has been credited with the initial discovery of

• operant conditioning.
• reinforcement
• classical conditioning.
• vicarious conditioning.

Ivan Pavlov has been credited with the initial discovery of

• operant conditioning.
• reinforcement
• classical conditioning.
• vicarious conditioning.

In a classic experiment, "Little Albert," a very young boy, was conditioned to be afraid of a rat. He also became fearful of white furry rabbits and bearded men. This is an example of

• classical conditioning.
• higher order conditioning.
• reinforcement.
• operant conditioning.

John Watson and his colleague, Rosalie Rayner, offered a live white rat to Little Albert and then made a loud noise behind his head by striking a steel bar with a hammer. The white rat served as the _____________ in their study.

• discriminative stimulus
• conditioned stimulus
• unconditioned stimulus
• extinguished stimulus

In Pavlov's experiment, the salivating to the sound of a bell is a(n)

• Unconditioned Stimulus

• Unconditioned Response

• Conditioned Stimulus

• Conditioned Response

When learning first takes place, we would say that __ has occurred.

• Acquisition
• Extinction
• Spontaneous Recovery
• Discrimination

The reinforcer, such as food, that gets the organism to continue a behavior is called __.

• Positive Reinforcement
• Primary Reinforcer
• Secondary Reinforcer
• Classical Conditioning

A little girl gets to eat dessert because she finished all the food on her plate. This is an example of:  

• Positive punishment
• Negative punishment
• Positive Reinforcement
• Negative Reinforcement

When shaping a behavior, you would couple a treat with, "good dog" to get your pet to sit.  The "good dog" is considered __.

• Negative Reinforcement
• Primary Reinforcer
• Secondary Reinforcer