Gravity's Role in the Solar System

Which of the following describes a role of gravity in the formation of our solar system?

• In the early stages of solar system formation, a fragment of an interstellar cloud of dust and gas collapsed and began rotating under the influence of gravity.

• The eight planets were originally orbiting a nearby star, and the Sun's gravity pulled those planets into orbit around the Sun.

• Gravity caused small particles in the rotating solar nebula to stick together and form larger particles. This process repeated itself, forming larger and larger particles that eventually became planets.

• The combined gravities of the planets pulled the Sun away from a nearby star cluster and into the center of the solar system.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

Which of the following is a result of gravitational forces in the Solar System?

• the difference in surface temperature on each of the planets

• that Saturn is farther away from the Sun than Earth is

• the radiation given off by Jupiter

• the orbit of planets around the Sun in the Solar system

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

What role did gravity play in the formation of the planets?

• The gravity of the Sun was too weak to hold it together, and large pieces of the Sun broke off to form the planets.

• The gravitational forces inside small asteroids pushed outward, causing the asteroids to swell to the size of planets.

• Planet-sized bodies passing by the solar system were pulled in by Earth's gravity and fell into orbit around the Sun.

• Gravitational forces brought together several moon-sized bodies, called planetesimals, to form larger bodies that became planets.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

Which of the following best describes the dust, gas, and celestial bodies of the Milky Way Galaxy?

• The farther away they are from the center of the galaxy, the more they are pulled by gravity.

• The faster they move, the less gravity they experience.

• They orbit around the center of the galaxy because of gravity.

• They experience gravity only if they have significant mass.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

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A star is born when gas and dust from a nebula become so dense and hot that nuclear fusion starts. Which of the following forces is responsible for the formation of a star?

• magnetism

• electromagnetic energy

• friction

• gravitation

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

𝘿𝙞𝙧𝙚𝙘𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣𝙨: 𝙎𝙚𝙡𝙚𝙘𝙩 𝙚𝙖𝙘𝙝 𝙘𝙤𝙧𝙧𝙚𝙘𝙩 𝙖𝙣𝙨𝙬𝙚𝙧. 𝙈𝙤𝙧𝙚 𝙩𝙝𝙖𝙣 𝙤𝙣𝙚 𝙖𝙣𝙨𝙬𝙚𝙧 𝙢𝙖𝙮 𝙗𝙚 𝙘𝙤𝙧𝙧𝙚𝙘𝙩.

Which of the following objects exerts a gravitational force?

• the Sun

• a basketball

• the Moon

• an apple

• the Earth

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NGSS.HS-PS2-4

The farther a planet is from the Sun, the___________________its orbital motion.

• faster

• slower

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

The closer a planet is from the Sun, the_________________its orbital motion.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

The closer a planet is from the Sun, the faster its orbital motion is, the _______________the gravitational attraction between the planet and the Sun is.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

The farther a planet is from the Sun, the slower its orbital motion is, the _______________the gravitational attraction between the planet and the Sun is.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-2