Critical Thinking: CFE Review #2

Read the passage "Kevin's Experiment" in the box below.

What were the independent and dependent variables in Kevin's experiment?

• The independent variable was the height of the plant, and the dependent variable was the type of plant used in the experiment.

• The independent variable was the height of the plant, and the dependent variable was the amount of fertilizer given to the plants.

• The independent variable was the amount of fertilizer given to the plant, and the dependent variable was the amount of water given to the plant.

• The independent variable was the amount of fertilizer given to the plants, and the dependent variable was the height of the plants.

Morgan was interested in studying how much carbon dioxide gas could be produced from yeast. She measured the amount of gas produced in milliliters (mL) from five samples of yeast dissolved in 200mL of water of different temperatures. What were Morgan's independent and dependent variables?

• The independent variable was the temperature of the water, and the dependent variable was the amount of gas produced.

• The independent variable was the amount of gas produced, and the dependent variable was the temperature of the water.

• The independent variable was the amount of gas produced, and the dependent variable was the air temperature in the room.

• The independent variable was the temperature of the water, and the dependent variable was the volume of the water used.

The table below shows what Karen recorded for her experiment on how sugar dissolves in water of different temperatures. To conduct her experiment, she did four trials, each using 100 milliliters of water, 500 grams of sugar, and a stirring rod that continually stirred on the bottom of the beaker for 10 minutes. During each trial, Karen carefully added sugar until she noticed that the sugar was no longer dissolving in the water. Use the table to answer the questions that follow.

Using the data table, what is the dependent variable in Karen's experiment?

• the time stirred

• the volume of water

• the mass of sugar dissolved

• the temperature of the water

Read the passage "Chap's Experiment" in the box below.

What are the independent and dependent variables in Chap's experiment?

• The independent variable is the height of the plants, and the dependent variable is the type of soil used.

• The independent variable is the plant height, and the dependent variable is the depth at which Chap planted the seeds.

• The independent variable is the depth at which Chap planted the seeds, and the dependent variable is the amount of water each plant received.

• The independent variable is the depth at which Chap planted the seeds, and the dependent variable is the plant height.

Deandra investigates how far a rubber band stretches when she suspends an increasing amount of weight from it. The graph below shows her data.

Based on this data, which variable is outcome?

• band type

• stretch

• time

• weight

The graph below shows the final weights of five gerbils after being fed different amounts of the same type food over a four week time period. Each gerbil started at the same weight at the beginning of the experiment.

Using the graph, what was independent variable in this experiment?

• the amount of food fed to the gerbils

• the type of food fed to the gerbils

• the final weight of the gerbils

• the initial weight of the gerbils

Read the sentence from “Eleanor Roosevelt on Civil Liberties.”

I think that is, perhaps, one of the greatest things that the civil liberties committees do, and I wish we had one in every place throughout the country--one group of people who really care when things go wrong and do something when there is an infringement of the individual’s rights.

Which sentence from “Fighting for Everyone’s Rights” best supports the idea that the ACLU achieved Roosevelt’s wish?

• “The ACLU is an organization that provides lawyers and legal advice in cases where civil rights may be in danger.”

• “In 1920, a group of people who were upset by the Palmer Raids formed the American Civil Liberties Union.”

• “The ACLU’s work helped make freedom of religion, freedom of speech, equal treatment under the law, and other rights become real for millions of people.”

• “The ACLU began as a small group of individuals protecting the rights of immigrants.”

Summary

The exercises that resulted in the greatest heart rate increases were running in place and jumping jacks. These activities focus on building endurance. Squats and sit ups both increased heart rates, but not as much. Heart rates and corresponding heart rate zones were different for participants of different ages. Based on an individual's age and level of fitness, the best exercise to achieve the target heart rate will vary.

"Heart at Work” property of the Florida Department of Education.

Which sentence states the main idea of the section titled Summary at the end of “Heart at Work”?

• “The exercises that resulted in the greatest heart rate increases were running in place and jumping jacks.”

• “Squats and sit ups both increased heart rates, but not as much.”

• “Heart rates and corresponding heart rate zones were different for participants of different ages.”

• “Based on an individual’s age and level of fitness, the best exercise to achieve the target heart rate will vary.”

Environmental Impact

As with many invasive species, the zebra mussel quickly proved dominant. The zebra mussel population grew so rapidly, that even predators could not control the amount. Soon after zebra mussels moved into the Great Lakes region, their sheer numbers meant they consumed a large portion of the food supply. As a result, native animal populations living off the same foods, were left with far less supply.

Which sentence effectively states the main idea of the section Environmental Impact?

• The Great Lakes have a large food supply and can support a variety of animals.

• Predators of Zebra mussels populations grew along with the zebra mussel population.

• The zebra mussels quickly reproduced and populated the entire Great Lakes region.

• Zebra mussels ate so much of the food supply that the native animals began to struggle.

Conclusions to essays are written in one of six formats. The following example illustrates which conclusion format?

The work habits we employ in school are no different from

the ones we need to be successful in the workplace.

• warning

• universalizing

• using a quotation

• call for action