Module 14 Evolution

Four basic principles that explain how traits of a population can change over time due to the pressures of surviving in nature.

• artificial selection

• natural selection

• selective breeding

• natural breeding

Anatomical structures that are inherited from a common ancestor; show similar anatomical structure.

• homologous structures

• analogous structures

• derived structures

• mimicry structures

Morphological adaptations that allow organisms to blend in with their environments.

• mimicry

• biomimicry

• camouflage

• fitness

The ______________________ principle states that when allelic frequencies remain constant, a population is in genetic equilibrium.

• Hardy-Watson

• Watson-Crick

• Crick-Weinberg

• Hardy-Weinberg

The cheetah population is genetically vulnerable due to a dramatic decline in their population roughly 10,000 years ago. This is know as a ________________, an extreme example of genetic drift.

• founder effect

• disruptive selection

• bottleneck

• equilibrium

In ___________________ speciation, a physical barrier divides one population into two or more populations.

• allopatric

• adaptive radiation

• sympatric

• coevolution

Cumulative changes in groups of organisms through time.

• evolution

• revolution

• digression

• regression

Newly evolved features that do not appear in the fossils of common ancestors.

• mimic traits

• derived traits

• vestigial traits

• ancestral traits

Measure of the relative contribution that an individual trait makes to the next generation.

• vigor

• coevolution

• co-option

• fitness

Reproductive isolation mechanism that operates before fertilization occurs; makes fertilization unlikely.

• postzygotic isolating mechanism

• prezygotic isolating mechanism

• disruptive selection

• sexual selection