Structural evidence for evolution

Which of these descriptions is an example of an unused body structure?

• a bat’s wing that enables it to fly

• the tiny leg found on some snakes that have no use

• the front legs of a dog that supports its weight as it walks and runs

• the tentacles of an octopus that aid it in movement and catching prey

Humans, birds, whales, and lizards all have similar arm bones. What is the reason for this?

• The function of these bones is the same in all animals
• They live in similar environments
• They have a common ancestor
• All organisms resemble humans

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Which of the following are vestigial structures humans have? Select all that apply.

• Appendix

• Tailbone

• Forearm bones

• Wisdom teeth

Whales have pelvic bones. What type of structure does this best represent?

• Homologous structure

• Analogous structure

• Vestigial structure

• None of the above

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The structures shown are_________

• homologous
• heterologous
• analogous
• vestigial

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A body part that has lost its original use through evolution (leftover)

• Homologous structure

• Analogous structure

• Vestigial structure

• None of the above

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Bat wing, human arm

• Homologous
• Analogous
• Vestigial

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Human wisdom teeth

• Homologous
• Analogous
• Vestigial

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How does embryology support the theory of evolution?

• It shows that embryos who develop similarly share a common ancestor

• It shows that embryos who develop similarly are not related to one another

• It shows that organisms have the ability to evolve, or change, over time

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In the the third embryonic stage (bottom row), mammal embryos _____

• have more characteristics in common with each other than with reptiles or birds.
• are still hard to tell from reptiles and birds.
• have the same features as fish, reptiles, and birds.
• do not have tails.

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