APWH Final Review 2

The writings of Enlightenment philosophers in Europe encouraged later political revolution with their support of

• Socialism

• Imperialism

• The natural rights of man

• The divine right monarchies

John Locke and Jean Jacques Rousseau would be most likely to support

• A return to feudalism in Europe

• A government ruled by a divine right monarchy

• A society ruled by the Catholic Church

• A society in which the people chose the ruler and removing the absolute monarch

Which statement is a valid generalization about the immediate results of the French Revolution of 1789?

• The Roman Catholic Church increased its power and wealth

• The revolution achieved its goal of establishing peace, democracy, and justice for all

• The revolution had little impact outside France

• The French middle class gained more power

One similarity in the leadership of Latin Americas Jose de San Martin, Toussaint l’Ouverture, Bernanrdo O’Higgins, & Pedro I was that each leader

• Opposed United States intervention in Haiti

• Led a struggle to gain freedom for the people of his nation from its mother country

• Opposed membership of his nation in the League of Nations

• Established an absolute monarchy in his nation

Which of these situations was the direct result of the other three?

• Nations of Latin America won independence

• Revolutions occurred in North America and France

• Enlightenment ideas about freedom spread across the Atlantic from Europe

• Creoles and mestizos became discontented with Spanish rule

-Europeans sought new markets for their goods.

-Many Europeans migrated to the cities in search of jobs.

-European middle class gained economic and political power.

What was the major cause of these changes in Europe?

• Industrial Revolution

• Rise of feudalism

• Congress of Vienna

• French Revolution

According to the theories of Karl Marx, history can be viewed as a

• Succession of famines that result in the destruction of civilizations

• Repeating cycle of imperialism and colonialism

• Listing of the accomplishments of the ruling classes

• Continuous struggle between economic classes

“Revolution will occur more and more frequently in the industrialized nations as the proletariat struggles to overcome the abuses of the capitalist system.”

This quotation reflects the ideas of

• Charles Darwin

• Karl Marx

• Niccolo Machiavelli

• John Locke

A major goal of the Meiji government in Japan was to

• Isolate Japan from other nations

• Achieve political union with China

• Acquire natural resources so it could continue to establish Japan as an industrial power

• Encourage colonization of Asia by Western nations

Statement 1: “This organization is created for the purpose of realizing the national ideal: the union of all Serbs.”

—Bylaws of the Black Hand

Statement 2: “. . . people . . . would think themselves happier even under their bad government than they might be under the good government of a foreign power.”

—Mohandas Gandhi,adapted from Indian Opinion, 1905

Statement 3:“. . . above all, we want Germany to be considered one land and the German people one people.”

—Heinrich von Gagern, The Call for German Unity

Statement 4: “We ardently wish to free Italy from foreign rule. We agree that we must put aside all petty differences in order to gain this most important goal. We wish to drive out the foreigners not only because we want to see our country powerful and glorious, but also because we want to elevate the Italian people in intelligence and moral development.”

—Count Camillo di Cavour, 1810–1861

Which idea is expressed by all the statements?

• War is a means of achieving national policies.

• Industrial growth is critical to a country’s prosperity.

• Social class differences are the source of all conflicts.

• Self-determination of the people is an important goal.