Quiz about Regents ES - Astronomy Final

Question 1

The Sun revolves around the center of

Accepted Answer

the Milky Way Galaxy

Answer

Polaris

Answer

Aldebaran

Answer

Earth

Question 2

Cosmic background radiation provides direct evidence for the origin of

Accepted Answer

the universe

Answer

our solar system

Answer

Earth's ozone layer

Answer

Earth's earliest atmosphere

Question 3

In which sequence are the items listed from least total mass to greatest total mass?

Accepted Answer

solar system, Milky Way, universe

Answer

Milky Way, solar system, universe

Answer

universe, Milky Way, solar system

Answer

Milky Way, universe, solar system

Question 4

Which statement best describes the age of our solar system and the universe?

Accepted Answer

The universe is at least twice as old as our solar system.

Answer

Our solar system is at least twice as old as the universe.

Answer

Our solar system and the universe are estimated to be 5 billion years old.

Answer

Our solar system and the universe are estimated to be 10 billion years old.

Question 5

The explosion associated with the theory and the formation of the universe inferred to have occurred how many billion ago?

Accepted Answer

over 10

Answer

less than 1

Answer

4.6

Answer

2.5

Question 6

The Milky Way galaxy is best described as

Accepted Answer

a spiral-shaped formation composed of billions of stars

Answer

a type of solar system

Answer

a constellation visible to everyone on Earth

Answer

a region in space between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter

Question 7

What is the name usually given to the group of objects consisting of a Sun and any planets, comets, and other objects that orbit it?

Accepted Answer

a solar system

Answer

a galaxy

Answer

a universe

Answer

an ecosystem

Question 8

The red shift of visible light waves that is observed by astronomers on Earth is used to determine the

Accepted Answer

relative motions of distant galaxies

Answer

sizes of nearby galaxies

Answer

densities of the planets

Answer

rotation periods of the planets

Question 9

Evidence that the universe is expanding is best provided by the

Accepted Answer

red shift in the light from distant galaxies

Answer

change in the swing direction of a Foucault pendulum on Earth

Answer

parallelism of Earth's axis in orbit

Answer

spiral shape of the Milky Way galaxy

Question 10

Light and other forms of electromagnetic radiation are given off by stars using energy released during

Accepted Answer

nuclear fusion

Answer

conduction

Answer

convection

Answer

radioactive decay

Question 11

Which star is cooler and less luminous than the Sun?

Accepted Answer

Proxima Centauri

Answer

Pollux

Answer

Rigel

Answer

40 Eridani B

Question 12

Which star's surface temperature is closest to the temperature at the boundary between the Earth's mantle and core?

Accepted Answer

the Sun

Answer

Sirus

Answer

Rigel

Answer

Betelgeuse

Question 13

Which of the following stars is the least bright?

Accepted Answer

a white dwarf

Answer

the Sun

Answer

a blue supergiant

Answer

a red giant

Question 14

Which star has the greatest size?

Accepted Answer

Betelgeuse

Answer

Sun

Answer

Alpha Centauri

Answer

Procyon

Question 15

Compared to the terrestrial planets, the Jovian planets have

Accepted Answer

longer periods of revolution

Answer

smaller diameters

Answer

slower rates of rotation

Answer

greater average densities

Question 16

The average temperature of the planets

Accepted Answer

Decreases with greater distance from the Sun

Answer

Has no relationship to the distance from the Sun

Answer

Depends only on the chemical composition of the atmosphere of each planet

Answer

Increases with greater distance from the Sun

Question 17

Which graph best indicates the densities of the planets in our solar system?

Accepted Answer

Option B is correct

Answer

A.

Answer

C.

Answer

D.

Question 18

Which event is caused by Earth's revolution?

Accepted Answer

Different constellations observed in the night sky throughout the year

Answer

The apparent shift in the path of the Foucault pendulum

Answer

Deflection of planetary winds to the right in the northern hemisphere

Answer

The apparent rising and setting of the Sun

Question 19

As viewed from Earth, most stars appear to move across the night sky because

Accepted Answer

Earth rotates on its axis

Answer

Earth revolves around the Sun

Answer

Stars orbit Earth

Answer

Stars revolve around the center of the galaxy

Question 20

The diagram below represents the orbits of three planets (X, Y, and Z) around star A. Star A is located at one focus and point B is the other focus. Numbers 1 through 9 represent different positions of the three planets. The arrows show the direction of revolution.

Which statement about the period of revolution of the planets is correct?

Accepted Answer

Planet Z has a longer period of revolution than planet X

Answer

Planet X has a longer period of revolution than planet Y

Answer

The planets have equal periods of revolution.

Answer

Planet Y has a longer period of revolution than planet Z.

Question 21

Base your answer on the diagram below which represents a planet, P, in an elliptical orbit around a star located at F1. The foci of the elliptical orbit are F1 and F2. Orbital locations are represented by P1 through P6.

The gravitational attraction between planet P and the star is greatest when the planet is located at position

Accepted Answer

P2

Answer

P1

Answer

P3

Answer

P4

Question 22

Base your answer on the diagram below which represents a planet, P, in an elliptical orbit around a star located at F1. The foci of the elliptical orbit are F1 and F2. Orbital locations are represented by P1 through P6.

When observed from the planet, the star would have its greatest apparent angular diameter when the planet is located at position

Accepted Answer

P2

Answer

P1

Answer

P3

Answer

P4

Question 23

Base your answer on the diagram below which represents a planet, P, in an elliptical orbit around a star located at F1. The foci of the elliptical orbit are F1 and F2. Orbital locations are represented by P1 through P6.

If the shaded portions of the orbital plane are equal in area, the time period between P1 and P2 will be equal to the time period between

Accepted Answer

P3 and P4

Answer

P2 and P3

Answer

P4 and P5

Answer

P6 ad P1

Question 24

The elliptical share of the Earth's orbit results in

Accepted Answer

changes in the orbital velocity of the Earth

Answer

tilting of the Earth's axis

Answer

the oblate spheroid shape of the Earth

Answer

the phases of the moon

Question 25

What change always occurs as the distance between the Earth and the Sun decreases?

Accepted Answer

The Earth's orbital speed increases

Answer

The gravitational force between the Earth and the Sun decreases

Answer

The Sun's apparent diameter decreases

Answer

The Sun's rate of rotation increases

Question 26

In our solar system, the orbits of the planets are best described as

Accepted Answer

elliptical, with the Sun at one of the foci

Answer

circular, with the planet at the center

Answer

circular, with the Sun at the center

Answer

elliptical, with the planet at one of the foci

Question 27

The Earth reaches its greatest orbital speed when it is

Accepted Answer

closest to the Sun

Answer

closest to the Moon

Answer

farthest from the Moon

Answer

farthest from the Sun

Question 28

Which planetary model do scientists accept?

Accepted Answer

The planets' orbits are ellipses in a heliocentric model

Answer

The planets' orbits are circles in a geocentric model

Answer

The planets' orbits are ellipses in a geocentric model

Answer

The planets' orbits are circles in a heliocentric model

Question 29

Which planet rotates at the fastest rate?

Accepted Answer

Jupiter

Answer

Mercury

Answer

Earth

Answer

Neptune

Question 30

Base your answers on the diagram. The diagram represents four planets, A, B, C, and D, traveling in elliptical orbits around a star. The center of the star and letter f represent the foci for the orbit of planet A. Points 1 through 4 are locations on the orbit of planet A.

Which is the order of the planets from shortest period of revolution to longest?

Accepted Answer

A, B, C, D

Answer

B, A, D, C

Answer

C, D, A, B

Answer

D, C, B, A

Question 31

Base your answers on the diagram. The diagram represents four planets, A, B, C, and D, traveling in elliptical orbits around a star. The center of the star and letter f represent the foci for the orbit of planet A. Points 1 through 4 are locations on the orbit of planet A.

If planets A, B, C, and D have the same mass and are located at the positions shown in the diagram, the planet that has the greatest gravitational attraction to the star is

Accepted Answer

A

Answer

B

Answer

C

Answer

D

Question 32

Base your answers on the diagram. The diagram represents four planets, A, B, C, and D, traveling in elliptical orbits around a star. The center of the star and letter f represent the foci for the orbit of planet A. Points 1 through 4 are locations on the orbit of planet A.

Planet A travels fastest in its orbit at location

Accepted Answer

3

Answer

1

Answer

2

Answer

4

Question 33

The diagram below represents two planets of equal mass, A and B, revolving around a star. The planets are represented at specific positions in their orbits.

When both planets are at the positions represented, planet B

Accepted Answer

can be seen at night from planet A, and planet B is moving slower in its orbit

Answer

can be seen at night from planet A, and planet B is moving faster in its orbit

Answer

cannot be seen at night from planet A, and planet B is moving faster in its orbit

Answer

cannot be seen at night from planet A, and planet B is moving slower in its orbit

Question 34

The diagram represents a planet revolving in an elliptical orbit around a star.

As the planet makes one complete revolution around the star, starting at the position shown, the gravitational attraction between the star and the planet will

Accepted Answer

decrease, then increase

Answer

increase, then decrease

Answer

continually decrease

Answer

remain the same

Question 35

Which sequence of Moon phases could be observed from Earth during a 2-week period?

Accepted Answer

Option C is correct

Answer

A.

Answer

B.

Answer

D.

Question 36

Diagram 1 shows the Moon in its orbit at four positions labeled A, B, C, and D. Diagram 2 shows a phase of the Moon as viewed from New York State.

At which labeled Moon position would the phase of the Moon shown in diagram 2 be observed from New York State?

Accepted Answer

C

Answer

A

Answer

B

Answer

D

Question 37

Which arrangement of the Sun, the Moon, and Earth results in the highest high tides, and the lowest low tides on Earth? (Diagrams are not drawn to scale.)

Accepted Answer

Option C is correct

Answer

A.

Answer

B.

Answer

D.

Question 38

Which diagram best represents the size of the Moon, compared to Earth, when drawn to scale?

Accepted Answer

Option C is correct

Answer

A.

Answer

B.

Answer

D.

Question 39

The asteroid Ceres lies at an average distance of 414 million kilometers from the Sun. The period of revolution of Ceres around the Sun is approximately

Accepted Answer

4.6 years

Answer

438 days

Answer

687 days

Answer

12.6 years

Question 40

Base your answer on the diagram and on your knowledge of Earth science. The diagram represents two possible sequences in the evolution of stars.

Which property primarily determines whether a giant star or a supergiant star will form?

Accepted Answer

mass

Answer

color

Answer

shape

Answer

composition

Question 41

Base your answer on the diagram and on your knowledge of Earth science. The diagram represents two possible sequences in the evolution of stars.

Which table includes data that are characteristic of the surface temperature and luminosity of some white dwarf stars?

Accepted Answer

Option D is correct

Answer

A.

Answer

B.

Answer

C.

Question 42

To an observer on Earth, the Sun appears brighter than the star Rigel because the Sun is

Accepted Answer

closer than Rigel

Answer

hotter than Rigel

Answer

larger than Rigel

Answer

more luminous than Rigel

Question 43

Which terms describe the motion of most objects in our solar system?

Accepted Answer

cyclic and predictable

Answer

noncyclic and unpredictable

Answer

noncyclic and predictable

Answer

cyclic and unpredictable

Question 44

Which planet has completed less than one orbit of the Sun in the last 100 years?

Accepted Answer

Neptune

Answer

Mars

Answer

Mercury

Answer

Uranus

Question 45

During which Moon phase could an observer on Earth see a lunar eclipse occur?

Accepted Answer

Option A is correct

Answer

B.

Answer

C.

Answer

D.

Question 46

How many days are required for the Moon to complete a cycle of phases from the new Moon position represented in the diagram to the new Moon the following month?

Accepted Answer

29.5 d

Answer

2.2 d

Answer

27.3 d

Answer

365.26 d

Question 47

The graph shows the change in tide heights of the Hudson River at Newburgh, New York. According to the graph, the time difference between high tide and the next low tide is approximately

Accepted Answer

6 hours

Answer

2 hours

Answer

3 hours

Answer

12 hours

Regents ES - Astronomy Final

57 questions

The Sun revolves around the center of

Cosmic background radiation provides direct evidence for the origin of

In which sequence are the items listed from least total mass to greatest total mass?

Which statement best describes the age of our solar system and the universe?

The explosion associated with the theory and the formation of the universe inferred to have occurred how many billion ago?

The Milky Way galaxy is best described as

What is the name usually given to the group of objects consisting of a Sun and any planets, comets, and other objects that orbit it?

The red shift of visible light waves that is observed by astronomers on Earth is used to determine the

Evidence that the universe is expanding is best provided by the

Light and other forms of electromagnetic radiation are given off by stars using energy released during

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