IGCSE P.E. Ch.10.8 Technology in Sport

Suggest three ways that technology can aid officials in decision making.

• Easier communication between officials

• Some venues may not be able to afford certain technologies

• Difficult decisions can be reviewed to ensure they are correct

• Use of technology such as marking spray can help maintain rules

• May expose errors or poor decisions

Suggest three disadvantages that can result from the use of technology to support officials.

• Officials can communicate easier.

• Can slow the game down while decisions are reviewed.

• May see errors or poor decisions which may undermine the officials.

• Some officials may become to reliant on technology to make decisions.

• Difficult decisions can be reviewed to ensure the correct decisions are made.

Suggest three ways how performers can use different technologies to enhance performance.

• Equipment technologies to improve fitness and ensure better quality of training to enhance performance.

• Use of sports science to assess diet, movement and recovery

• Use of social technology can interfere with training.

• Video analysis so the performer can see areas that need improving.

• Social media can allow athlete to interact with fans.

Describe three ways that technology has a positive effect on spectators attending a major football game.

• While officials review and make a decision, the momentum of the game can be slowed which will spoil the viewing experience for those watching.

• Electronic scoreboards ensure that all spectators are aware of the result.

• Screens showing instant replays and VAR and referee decisions, so audience and players can know the decision being made.

• Reversed decisions may lead to crowd becoming angry at officials.

• The quality of the playing surface makes the game more enjoyable for the audience to watch.

Suggest four ways that technology has a positive effect on spectators attending a major sports event, such as a tennis match.

• Service speeds are shown which increases spectator understanding and interest

• Some officials maybe too reliant of technology to make decisions.

• Ball tracking technology so the ball can be correctly called in or out to allow spectators to know the reason for decisions being made, e.g. Hawkeye.

• Net cord sensors to detect the slightest brush by the ball to reduce debate over the fairness of a serve

• the quality of the surface allows a more consistent bounce and provides better quality games to watch

Suggest three disadvantages of Technology in sport.

• Not all performers have access to the best technologies.

• Communication between officials can. be easier

• High costs can limit some sports ability to introduce certain technologies

• Fairer and more consistent decision-making

• Can slow down the game, expose officials for poor decisions and undermine them.

Suggest one positive effect of technology on OFFICIALS in sport.

• Slows down the speed of the game and can reduce the atmosphere as lower attendance due to ease of watching online.

• Difficult decisions can be reviewed to ensure they are correct.

• At the lower levels of competition, the sport or events cannot afford the use of technology.

Answer explanation

Alternative: Technology can also allow for better communication between officials.

Suggest one negative effect of technology on audience or spectators in sport.

• Slows down the speed of the game and can reduce the atmosphere as lower attendance due to ease of watching online.

• Difficult decisions can be reviewed to ensure they are correct.

• At the lower levels of competition, the sport or events cannot afford the use of technology.

Answer explanation

Alternative: reduced atmosphere as lower attendance due to ease of watching on computer etc.

The broadcasted event having technology enhancements that are absent when watching the live event.

Suggest one negative effect of technology on the sport or event.

• Slows down the speed of the game and can reduce the atmosphere as lower attendance due to ease of watching online.

• Difficult decisions can be reviewed to ensure they are correct.

• At the lower levels of competition, the sport or events cannot afford the use of technology.

Answer explanation

Alternative: At high standards of competition the best facilities and equipment are expected, but at the lower levels of competition the sport or event cannot afford the technology.

Describe two ways that technology has brought an improvement to the sport of Tennis.

• Slows down the game while decisions are reviewed.

• Reduced number of spectators as more people can watch from home.

• Allows the umpires to make more accurate decisions, e.g. use of hawkeye.

• Enhancing performance as rackets are lighter, enabling the performer to hit the ball harder.

Answer explanation

Alternatives:

video recording and playback of a serving action to identify areas to improve

improvements in footwear reduce slipping on court;