Ch. 20 - Chemical Texture Services

The range of numbers used in the pH scale is ____.

• 0 to 5

• 0 to 7

• 0 to 10

• 0 to 14

Chemical hair texturizers temporarily raise the pH of the hair to an alkaline state in order to ____.

• expand and harden the shaft

• harden and close the shaft

• swell and set the shaft

• soften and swell the shaft

Which chemical bonds, also known as end bonds, join amino acids together, end-to end in long chains, to form a polypeptide chain?

• Amino acids

• Peptide bonds

• Polypeptide chain

• Keratin proteins

Which bonds are relatively weak physical side bonds resulting from an attraction between negative and positive electrical charges, and are easily broken by changes in pH?

• Disulfide bonds

• Salt bonds

• Hydrogen bonds

• Keratin proteins

____is a two step process in which the hair first undergoes a physical change caused by wrapping the hair on perm rods, and then a chemical change caused by the application of permanent waving solution and neutralizer.

• Cascade curling

• Chemical texture service

• Permanent waving

• Temporary waving

What are the most common reducing agents used in permanent waving?

• Ammonia water

• Hydrogen peroxide

• Thioglycolic acids

• Hydrogen acids

The ____ of the permanent waving solution is determined primarily by the concentration of the reducing agent, or thio.

• durability

• shelf-life

• strength

• concentration

What is the second factor in the overall strength of the waving solution?

• Ammonium thioglycolate

• Degree of alkalinity

• Amount used

• Length of the hair

Most acid waves used in salons have a pH value between ____.

• 5.5 and 6.5

• 7.8 and 8.2

• 9.0 and 10.0

• 10.1 and 10.5

Modern acid waves are actually _____ waves, which are permanent waves that have a 7.0 or neutral pH.

• weaker

• stronger

• acid-balanced

• alkaline-balanced