ESL101_Chapter 9

Which of the following contributes to the emergence of a koine?

• linguistic

  process

• social

  process

• Both of the processes

The

process when people who speak different dialects come into contact in

monolingual communities is called ______.

• A koine

• An innit

• A koineisation

Levelling

results in ______.

• the

  koine adding some few forms than the range of forms in the source dialects.

• the

  koine adopting fewer forms than the range of forms in the source dialects.

• the

  koine adopting more significant forms than the range of forms in the source

  dialects.

If

people who speak dialects with post-vocalic [r] come into contact with people

who do not, levelling generally leads to ______.

• The elimination of post-vocalic [r] in the koine

• The mixture of post-vocalic [r] pronunciation in the koine

• The development of post-vocalic [r] in the koine.

The example of the vowels of “beer”

and “bear” indicates ______.

• The linguistic change of spelling

• The merging of vowels

• The exception of linguistic change

In a linguistic process associated with koine, when two groups of speakers from

different dialect areas come together, ______.

• the

  simpler forms will usually win out

• the forms of majority group will usually win out

• the more complicated forms will be noticed

______

tend to disappear in areas where being hip, fashionable and innovative is

valued.

• Formal forms

• Socially

  stigmatized forms

• Conservative

  forms

The

mixing of linguistic features among multi-ethnic groups in big cities is

called ______.

• A mixing koine

• An immigrant koine

• A multi koine

The dialects created by mixing of linguistic features among multi-ethnic

groups in big cities are ______.

• Ethnic multi-lects

• Multi-ethnolects

• Multi ethical dialects

The

pronunciation of [r] in English-speaking communities such as the USA,

England, and New Zealand is ______.

• similar

• various

• merged