Cell differentiation

What is cell differentiation?

• Process by which cells produce more cells
• Process by which cells become specialized
• Process by which cells become unspecialized
• Process by which cells die

What is one goal of cellular differentiation/specialization?

• To create specialized cells to help organism maintain homeostasis.
• To many cells.
• To make stem cells
• to make single celled organisms

What process best explains how muscle cells and nerve cells can develop from the same fertilized egg?

• genetic engineering
• survival of the fittest
• differentiation
• selective breeding

Which best explains why muscle cells are different from blood cells?

• Muscle cells are produced by the brain, but blood cells are produced by the heart. 
• Different genes are activated in muscle cells than in blood cells. 
• Muscles cells experience different environmental influences than blood cells. 
• A mutation occurs during the development of muscle cells but not in blood cells. 

How do stem cells know what type of cells to differentiate into?

• The nucleus has instructions to turn some genes on and some genes off.
• Signals from chemicals in the organism or from the environment determine which genes will be turned on and off.
• Genes turn on and off randomly.
• The cell has unique DNA that determines what the cell will become.

This type of cell is found in males and is responsible for reproduction.

• sperm cell
• egg cell
• muscle cell
• nerve cell

What is cell differentiation?

• The process where unspecialized cells become different in structure and function.

• When DNA controls the cell cycle.

• The ability of cells to make more cells.

• The ability of cells to maintain homeostasis.

The diagram shows the process of cell specialization from a single stem cell. Which of the following statements is true about the process of specialization.

• Specilized cells (blood, skin, nervous etc) cannot be produced from a single stem cell
• Specilized cells are produced immediately following fertilization
• Even though all the cells in an organism come from one single cell, they can specialize into different cell types
• Sincce all the cells in an organism come from one single cell, they must all have the same structure and function

Which best explains why muscle cells are different from blood cells?

• Muscle cells are produced by the brain, but blood cells are produced by the heart. 
• Different genes are activated in muscle cells than in blood cells. 
• Muscles cells experience different environmental influences than blood cells. 
• A mutation occurs during the development of muscle cells but not in blood cells. 

This type of cell sends messages throughout the body in the form of electrical impulse.

• nerve cell
• sperm cell
• muscle cell
• skin cell