Bonding - AP

Which of the following scientific claims about the bond in the molecular compound is HFmost likely to be true?

• There is a partial negative charge on the H atom.

• Electrons are shared equally between the H and F atoms.

• The bond is extremely weak.

• The bond is highly polar.

The elements C and Se have the same electronegativity value, 2.55. Which of the following claims about the compound that forms from C and Se is most likely to be true?

• The carbon-to-selenium bond is unstable.

• The carbon-to-selenium bond is nonpolar covalent.

• The compound has the empirical formula CSe.

• A molecule of the compound will have a partial negative charge on the carbon atom.

Which of the following correctly indicates whether the solid represented by the particulate model shown above conducts electricity and explains why or why not?

• It conducts electricity because it is made of positive and negative ions.

• It conducts electricity because it is made of particles of different sizes.

• It does not conduct electricity because its ions cannot move freely within the solid.

• It does not conduct electricity because there are small spaces between the particles.

Has a central atom with less than an octet of electrons

• H₂O

• NH₃

• BH₃

• CH₄

• SiH₄

Has two lone pairs of electrons

• H₂O

• NH₃

• BH₃

• CH₄

• SiH₄

The energy required to dissociate an ionic solid into gaseous ions (lattice energy) for the

compounds NaF and MgF₂ is shown in the table above. On the basis of Coulomb’s law, which of the following best helps to explain the large difference between the lattice

energies of NaF and MgF₂?

• The solubility of MgF₂ is less than that of NaF.

• The electronegativity of Mg is greater than that of Na.

• The mass of the Mg cation is greater than that of the Na cation.

• The charge of the Mg cation is larger than that of the Na cation.

The diagram above shows two resonance structures for a molecule of C₆H₆ . The phenomenon shown in the diagram best supports which of the following claims about the bonding in C₆H₆?

• In the C₆H₆ molecule, all the bonds between the carbon atoms have the same length.

• Because of variable bonding between its carbon atoms, C₆H₆ is a good conductor of electricity.

• The bonds between carbon atoms in C₆H₆ are unstable, and the compound decomposes quickly.

• The C₆H₆ molecule contains three single bonds between carbon atoms and three double bonds between carbon atoms.

Of the following molecules, which has the largest dipole moment?

• CO

• CO₂

• O₂

• HF

• F₂

Of the following single bonds, which is the LEAST polar?

• N-H

• H-F

• O-F

• I-F

Resonance is most commonly used to describe the bonding in molecules of which of the following?

• CO₂

• O₃

• H₂O

• CH₄

• SF₆