A mathematical way to calculate the health of an ecosystem. When the fraction/decimal is closer to 1 = likely means a healthier ecosystem.

• BIODIVERSITY INDEX
• biodiversity
• ABIOTIC FACTOR
• BIOTIC FACTOR

limestone skeleton of a coral is built from

• carbonate ions [CO3^2–]

• [Ca2+] combine with chloride [Cl^–]

• [Ca2+] combine with carbonate ions [CO3^2–]

• [Ca2+]

Increase coral diversity increases

• habitat diversity

• fish populations

• health of the ecosystem

• all of the above

corals are referred to as ecosystem

• makers

• niche builders

• bulkers

• engineers

nematocysts are at

• type of plankton

• the mouth of the coral used for feeding

• stinging cells that help corals defend and feed

• stinging cells that are only used by coral for defence

Corals feed on plankton

• Day and night

• predominantly at night

• predominantly in the day

• neither coral only use energy from zooxanthella

The symbiotic relationship with algae in coral is called

• diatoms

• zooxanthellae

• zoanthoid

• Alcyonacea

surface run-off, salinity fluctuations, climate change, cyclic crown-of-thorns outbreaks, overfishing, spills and improper ballast

• All pressures affecting coral reefs

• have no impact on coral reefs

If water from ship ballasts are released close to shore they

• do no harm

• can release plankton of non endemic organisms

• can release grown non endemic organisms

• can release high nutrient water causing pollution

________________ practices can reduce and improve the quality of run off water

• riparian management practices

• only farm management practices

• climate management practices

• land management practices