TISSUES

Understanding tissue structure and function is important because:

• There is a relationship between the structure of each tissue type (how it is organized) and its function (what it does).

• There is a relationship between tissue structure and organ function.

• Many diseases and pathologies are tissue and cell type specific.

• Changes at the tissue level affect the function of organs.

• All of these are correct.

Pick out the FALSE statement about epithelial tissue.

• Epithelial tissue is vascular.

• Epithelial tissue provides physical protection for organs.

• Epithelial tissue functions in absorption & secretion.

• Epithelial tissue controls the permeability into and out of an area/organ.

• Epithelial tissue consists almost entirely of cells with very little extracellular material between them thereby forming a barrier against entry into the body.

Epithelial cells

• cover body surfaces or form glands.

• usually have a free surface that is not in contact with other cells.

• have a basement membrane that attaches to underlying tissues.

• can be somewhat far away from a blood vessel.

• have all of these properties.

The most correct classification of an epithelial tissue consisting of many layers of cells, in which the outer layers are flat and thin, and the basal layers are cuboidal or columnar is

• simple columnar epithelium.

• pseudostratified epithelium.

• stratified squamous epithelium.

• transitional epithelium.

• simple squamous epithelium.

Which of these epithelial types is correctly matched with its major function?

• simple squamous epithelium - diffusion or filtration

• stratified squamous epithelium - protection from abrasion

• Simple cuboidal epithelium - active transport, facilitated diffusion, or secretion

• Simple columnar epithelium - secretion or absorption

• All these are correctly paired.

Cell connections that bind adjacent cells together and form permeability barriers are called:

• tight junctions.

• gap junctions.

• desmosomes.

• plasma junctions.

• tonosomes.

In connective tissue, cells whose names contain the suffix - clast:

• produce matrix

• maintain the matrix

• break down the matrix for remodeling

• ingest foreign substances through phagocytosis

• are non-motile cells that release histamines and other chemicals to promote inflammation.

Which of these connective tissue cells is NOT correctly matched with its function?

• blast cells - make holes in extracellular matrix

• clast cells - break down the extracellular matrix

• cyte cells - maintain the extracellular matrix

• mast cells - release chemicals promoting inflammation

• macrophages - move about and ingest foreign substances

Which of the following fiber types is not correctly paired with its function?

• collagen - flexible, resists stretching

• reticular - forms a supporting network between cells

• elastic - allows for consistent stretch and recoil

• collagen - gives tissue its strength

• All of these are correct.

The connective tissue that makes up the external ear is:

• dense collagenous connective tissue.

• hyaline cartilage.

• fibrocartilage.

• elastic cartilage.

• loose or areolar connective tissue.