NYS Regents Living Environment

The diagram below shows specialized plant cells that control openings called stomates. The proper function of these cells is vital to the survival of the plant because they regulate the

• rate of glucose use by root cells

• absorption of sunlight by leaf cells

• products of photosynthesis in the stem

• exchange of gases in leaves

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Lymphatic capillaries are found throughout the body. Both the lymphatic and circulatory systems transport substances between the bloodstream and body tissues. These two systems are also involved in fighting infections. The arrows shown in the diagram that go from the blood capillaries to the interstitial fluid most likely represent the

• release of red blood cells, so that they can diffuse into body cells and fight bacteria

• movement of materials from the circulatory system that will eventually enter lymphatic capillaries

• transport of digestive enzymes from the blood to help with the digestion of glucose in muscle cells

• transport of glucose molecules from the blood to be used by cells to attack proteins and fats

A small lizard spends the morning hours lying in the sunlight until its body temperature rises. Later on in the day, the lizard rests in a shady area until its body temperature cools. This type of behavior is important to

• maintain homeostasis

• detect variations

• attract mates

• obtain nutrients

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

The Venus flytrap is a plant that has a unique system by which it traps and breaks down its prey. Unsuspecting insects land on the leaf and touch tiny hairs located on the leaf, triggering the leaf to close around the prey. The substance responsible for breaking down the Venus flytrap’s prey most likely contains

• chlorophyll molecules

• glucose molecules

• hormone molecules

• enzyme molecules

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Rejection of a newly transplanted organ is caused by

• the immune system reacting to the presence of the organ

• antibiotics that stimulate the immune system to attack the organ

• inheritance of genetic disorders from infected individuals

• development of cancerous cells in the organ

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

As blood glucose levels increase, hormones are released to return glucose levels to normal. This is an example of

• a nervous system disorder

• the synthesis of antibodies

• a stimulus and a response

• an antigen and antibody reaction

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Which statement describes a failure of homeostasis in humans?

• When activity in an individual increases, the body temperature rises and the individual sweats.

• As the concentration of carbon dioxide increases in the human body, the lungs begin to expel more carbon dioxide.

• A viral infection leads to a decrease in the number of white blood cells being produced in the body.

• After an individual gets a cut, certain chemical changes begin the healing process.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Substance X directly supplies energy for various life functions, as shown in the diagram below. Which substance is represented by X in the diagram?

• ATP

• DNA

• starch

• glucose

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

To capture their prey, spiders have fangs, which pierce the body wall of insects and inject venom. Spider venoms usually contain specific proteins that attack the cell membranes of the prey. The membranes and most of the contents of the insect’s body turn into a liquid that the spider then ingests for food. These specific venom proteins are most likely

• ATP molecules

• DNA molecules

• biological catalysts

• regulatory hormones

Doctors often use certain medications to treat infections. A few people have a reaction to some of these medications, such as itching, swelling, or trouble breathing. This is an example of

• using antibodies to cure a medical problem

• the body’s immune system overreacting to a usually harmless substance

• the body creating a mutation to fight unknown pathogens

• a vaccine causing the body to produce antigens against the infection