What is cosmology?

• the study of how the Milky Way formed, how it continues to change, and what it is made of

• the study of how the universe began, how it continues to change, and what it is made of

• the study of how the solar system formed, how it continues to change, and what it is made of

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What is the most widely accepted theory about the origin of the universe?

• the capture theory

• the big bang theory

• the collision theory

Answer explanation

Hubble's results and other data support an explanation for how the universe formed called the Big Bang theory.

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What is cosmic background radiation?

• an invisible form of matter that does not emit electromagnetic energy

• the tendency of wavelengths to become shorter as they approach an object

• the residual microwave radiation emitted when the universe was very young

Answer explanation

Cosmic Background Radiation supports the Big Bang theory and it is found by a space probe called Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe ( WMAP)

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The residual microwave radiation emitted when the universe was very young is called

• Hubble shift

• cosmic background radiation

• dark energy

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Select all that apply

Which statements are true of dark matter?

• There is about five to six times as much dark matter in the universe as there is ordinary matter.

• It can only be detected by its gravitational effects on ordinary forms of matter in the universe.

• It is an invisible form of energy that creates a repulsive force causing the universe to expand.

Select all that apply

Which evidence supports the big bang theory?

• the Hubble redshift of distant galaxies

• the existence of cosmic background radiation

• the lack of dark matter and dark energy

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What is dark energy?

• an invisible form of energy that creates a repulsive force causing the universe to expand at a faster rate

• the residual microwave radiation emitted when the universe was very young, following the big bang

• an invisible form of matter that does not emit any detectable electromagnetic energy of its own

True or false: The universe contains more dark matter than ordinary matter.

• True

• False

Which statement best describes the structure of the universe?

• Galaxies are grouped in clusters separated by enormous voids.

• Matter is distributed evenly throughout the universe.

• Galaxies are distributed evenly throughout the universe.

Dark energy causes the universe to expand ______.

• more quickly

• at a steady rate

• more slowly

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