Science Review- Sound waves

List a wave that is classified as a mechanical wave.

Which answer choice involves only mechanical waves?

• seismic waves, microwaves, X-rays

• radio waves, sound waves, waves in a rope

• infrared rays, ultraviolet rays, visible light

• seismic waves, sound waves, water waves

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NGSS.MS-PS4-1

• The particles of the medium move closer together and then apart in the direction of energy transfer.

• The particles of the medium remain fixed in place without vibrating.

• The particles of the medium transport matter along the wave.

• The particles of the medium move up and down perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer.

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NGSS.MS-PS4-2

The device in the image is an example of how engineers develop technology to solve problems.

What is the function of this device?

• to convert energy from wind currents into solar energy

• to convert energy from the Sun into electrical energy

• to convert energy from an electrical current into wind energy

• to convert energy from waves or moving water into electrical energy

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The diagram shows how technology allows people to convert wave energy in the ocean into electrical energy.

Incoming waves force air upward, which spins a turbine, which in turn spins a generator to produce electricity. What factor would increase the electricity production of this apparatus by the

greatest amount?

• decreasing wave speed and increasing wave amplitude of the ocean waves

• increasing wave speed and increasing wave frequency of the ocean waves

• decreasing wave amplitude and increasing wavelength of the ocean waves

• increasing wavelength and decreasing wave frequency of the ocean waves

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NGSS.MS-PS4-2

What property of light allows prisms and diffraction gratings to separate white light into its component colors?

• The colors have the same wavelength but different frequencies.

• The colors have the same frequency but different speeds.

• The colors have the exact frequency but not the same wavelengths.

• The colors have the same speed but the frequencies are different.

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NGSS.MS-PS4-2

During a field trip, Joe visits a hillside and sees a clear image of a small mountain on the smooth surface of the nearby lake. What behavior of light can explain the appearance of the small mountain on the water's surface?

• reflection

• absorption

• refraction

• transmission

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NGSS.MS-PS4-2

The diagram of a glass illustrates what occurs when light waves pass through a new medium.

What behavior(s) of light waves is (are) observed?

• absorption only

• transmission only

• transmission and refraction

• absorption and reflection

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NGSS.MS-PS4-2

A student analyzes three light waves of different amplitudes as shown in the image.

Which option arranges the light waves in increasing order of brightness?

• Wave A, Wave B, Wave C

• Wave A, Wave C, Wave B

• Wave B, Wave A, Wave C

• Wave C, Wave B, Wave A

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NGSS.MS-PS4-1

Sound is a wave phenomenon characterized by both amplitude and frequency. Louder sounds have a high amplitude, while quieter sounds have a low amplitude. Higher pitched sounds have a high frequency, while lower pitched sounds have a low frequency. The diagram shows a series of four sounds labeled P-S that were recorded for 40 seconds.

What is the best description of these sounds?

• All of the sounds show variation in pitch over the 40-second interval, with sound R being the loudest at the end of the recording.

• All of the sounds have the same pitch over the 40-second interval, with sound R being the loudest at the end of the recording.

• All of the sounds show variation in pitch over the 40-second interval, with sound S being the loudest at the end of the recording.

• All of the sounds have the same pitch over the 40-second interval, with sound R being the loudest at the end of the recording.

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