Unit 3 Exam Review

Which field of study primarily focuses on governmental powers and the rights of citizens?

• (1) economics

• (2) geography

• (3) archaeology

• (4) political science

One way in which the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment were similar is that they

• (1) encouraged the spread of new ideas

• (2) strengthened traditional institutions

• (3) led to the Protestant Reformation

• (4) rejected Renaissance individualism

According to John Locke, the purpose of government is to

• (1) protect the natural rights of individuals

• (2) serve the monarch

• (3) create overseas settlements

• (4) stimulate the economy

• Supported reforms

• Believed in natural rights and religious toleration

• Viewed themselves as servants of their state

In the 18th century, European leaders that fit these characteristics were best known as

• (1) theocratic monarchs

• (2) enlightened despots

• (3) totalitarian dictators

• (4) prime ministers

“When the legislative and executive powers are united in the same person, or in the same body of magistrates [government officials], there can be no liberty; because apprehensions [fears] may arise, lest the same monarch or senate should enact tyrannical laws to execute them in a tyrannical manner. . . .”

— Baron de Montesquieu, Spirit of the

Laws

Which solution would Baron de Montesquieu offer to avoid the enactment of tyrannical laws?

• (1) granting freedom of speech

• (2) reinstating absolute monarchies

• (3) separating the branches of government

• (4) limiting natural laws

Belief in the ideas of the Enlightenment and discontent within the Third Estate were causes of the

• (1) French Revolution

• (2) Counter Reformation

• (3) Industrial Revolution

• (4) Spanish Reconquista

Maximilien Robespierre and the Jacobins are best known for

• (1) instituting the Reign of Terror

• (2) protecting freedom of religion

• (3) supporting the reign of King Louis XVI

• (4) sending French troops to fight in the American Revolution

One major effect of Napoleon’s rule of France was that it led to

• (1) an increase in the power of the Roman Catholic Church

• (2) massive emigration to the Americas

• (3) trade agreements with Great Britain

• (4) restoration of political stability

One of the main effects of the Napoleonic Wars was

• (1) the promote the unification of Italy

• (2) the rise of nationalism in Europe and Latin America

• (3) restoring the power of the Holy Roman Empire

• (4) an establish a balance of power in Europe after the defeat of Napoleon

Which nation had the most influence on the colonization of Latin America in the 1500s?

• (1) Spain

• (2) France

• (3) England

• (4) Netherlands