Unit 2 Vocabulary

What is Hindsight Bias?

• x

• x

• the tendency to believe, after learning an outcome, that one would have foreseen it. (Also known as the I-knew-it-all- along phenomenon.)

• x

What is the type of thinking that does not blindly accept arguments and conclusions, rather, it examines assumptions, assesses the source, discerns hidden values, evaluates evidence, and assesses conclusions.

• observational thinking

• Critical thinking

• common sense

• x

an explanation using an integrated set of principles that organizes observations and predicts behaviors or events is called...

• Hypothesis

• Theory

• Description

• Experiment

What is a hypothesis?

• A question formed from observable events

• A questioned formed from curiosity

• A statement formed from observable events

• A testable prediction that is often implied by a theory

This is a carefully worded statement of the exact procedures (operations) used in a research study.

• A hypothesis

• A definition

• An operational definition

• A Theory

What is the definition of replication?

• repeating the essence of a research study, usually with different participants in different situations, to see whether the basic finding extends to other participants and circumstances.

• Repeating a research study, with the same participants, to see whether the basic finding extends to other participants and circumstances.

• Repeating a research study with both the same participants and different participants to see whether the basic findings extend to other participants and circumstances

• Repeating an experiment until you get the results you want

a descriptive technique in which one individual or group is studied in depth in the hope of revealing universal principles is called...

• naturalistic observation

• case study

• random sampling

• the survey

observing and recording behavior in naturally occurring situations without trying to manipulate and control the situation is called...

• case study

• random sampling

• naturalistic observation

• replication

What is a survey?

• A quiz to test someone's knowledge on certain topics

• A technique for ascertaining the self-reported attitudes or behaviors of a group of people with different interests by questioning the participants

• A technique for ascertaining the self-reported attitudes or behaviors of a particular group by questioning a representative sample ONLY

• a technique for ascertaining the self-reported attitudes or behaviors of a particular group, usually by questioning a representative, random sample of the group.

a flawed sampling process that produces an unrepresentative sample is called

• random sampling

• unrepresentative sampling

• sampling bias

• systematic sampling