Central Dogma 10.6 - 10.16

Transcription is the ____.

• synthesis of RNA under the direction of DNA

• syntheisis of protien under the direction of RNA

• creation of protein directly from the DNA

A typical gene is made up of _____.

• hundreds or thousands of nucleotides in a specific sequence

• a few nucleotides in a specific sequence

• one nucleotide

• DNA

Triplite code is ____

• set of three nucleotide long codes

• specify the amino acid to be built

• creates triplets in utero

• codes for all 20 amino acids

RNA polymerase _____.

• links together the chain of RNA nucleotides during transcription

• creates proteins

• reads the DNA code to be transcribed

Eukaryotic RNA is processed _____

• before leaving the nucleus as mRNA

• outside the nucleus as mRNA

• on the ribosomes

Messenger RNA (mRNA) works to ____.

• codes genetic information from DNA

• conveys it to ribosomes

• duplicates DNA for mitosis

• creates proteins

Ribosomes are _____.

• cell structures consisting of RNA and proteins

• organized into two subunits 

• function as the site of protein synthesis in the cytoplasm

• the powerhouse of the cell

Start and stop codons are used to ____.

• mark beginning and end points of translation

• transcribe code

• create DNA sequences

The central dogma is the process of _____.

• DNA -> RNA -> protein

• how DNA is created

• amino acid codes

• proteins reverting to RNA and DNA

Genetic mutations can _____

• be silent and not change the final amino acid

• change one amino acid to another

• turn an amino-acid-encoding codon to a stop codon

• change the species of an organism