Text Structures and Features

Identifies important Vocabulary words in ABC order and gives definitions; typically found at the end of the book

• Glossary

• Index

• Dictionary

• Map

Directs where to go in the text to find specific information on a key topic, word, or person; includes page numbers

• Glossary

• Key

• Index

• Graphs/Charts/Tables

A Drawing that explains something; usually labeled to show its parts.

• Illustrations

• Diagram

• Pictures/Photos

• Special Print

Information that is placed in chronological Order

• Diagram

• Graph

• Timeline

• Index

All matter, all things can be changed in two ways: chemically and physically. Both chemical and physical changes affect the state of matter. Physical changes are those that do not change the make-up or identity of the matter. For example, clay will bend or flatten if squeezed, but it will still be clay. Changing the shape of clay is a physical change, and does not change the matter’s identity. Chemical changes turn the matter into a new kind of matter with different properties. For example, when paper is burnt, it becomes ash and will never be paper again. The difference between them is that physical changes are temporary or only last for a little while, and chemical changes are permanent, which means they last forever. Physical and chemical changes both affect the state of matter.

• A. Compare and Contrast

• B. Sequence

• C. Problem and Solution

• D. Cause and Effect

7.How does a photograph help a reader?

• A. The photograph helps one to see what the real topic looks like

• B. The photograph helps one understand the bold words.

• C. The photograph helps one find your way around the book.

• D. The photograph helps one determine the meaning of a word

8.How does the heading or subheading contribute to the reader’s understanding of the text?

• A. Identifies important vocabulary words for readers and provides their definitions

• B. Represent and shows data related to something in the main body of text

• C. Helps the reader identify the main idea for that section of text

• D. Helps a reader locate a place in the world that is related to text

How to Make Cookies. First, get your materials. Then, make your dough. Lastly, cook your dough at 400 degrees for 10 minutes.

• Temporal

• Cause and Effect

• Problem & Solution

• Compare and Contrast

Today more people are connected to the internet than ever before, not only at home, but also on mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets. Many of these people now get their news from the internet rather than reading newspapers. As a consequence, many newspapers have gone out of business. 

• Compare and Contrast
• Cause and Effect
• Description
• Chronological Order

The cardinal and the cedar waxwing are two common birds. Both have crests on their heads. Both are common at bird feeders. But the birds have some differences. The male cardinal is a bright red, while the waxwing is brown.  The cedar waxwing often migrates from place to place. On the other hand, the cardinal stays in one place year after year.

• Cause and Effect
• Problem and Solution
• Description
• Compare and Contrast