Mystery Fossil Summative Test

1. The Geologic Time Scale is a record of what?

• old geologists

• sweet geology music

• the known history of rocks and fossils

• a list of every living thing ever

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

2. Turtles, alligators, and crocodiles are thought to be related to dinosaurs. What is the main source of evidence that scientists use to show this relationship and how these organisms may have changed over time?

• direct observation

• hair and skin samples

• photographs of dinosaurs

• fossil records

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3. Scientists believe that over millions of years lungfish changed to become the first amphibians. What evidence do scientists use to support this idea?

• direct observation

• data collected by early humans

• fossil evidence

• the shape of rock formations

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4. How old do Paleontologists believe the Earth is?

• 2015 years old

• 3.6 billion years old

• 4.6 billion years old

• 4.6 million years old

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

5. Which is the most recent era of time- the one that we are currently in?

• Mesozoic

• Paleozoic

• Cenozoic

• Precambrian

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6. Fossil evidence leads scientists to believe that over millions of years, Equus (horses) went from having three toes on each foot to having hooves. What theory supports this idea?

• Theory of Evolution

• Cell Theory

• Atomic Theory

• Theory of Spontaneous Generation

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

7. While they have different functions in adults, the limb bones of several organisms all arise from the same set of cells in the embryo's body. How does this evidence support the theory of evolution?

• It suggests there is a common ancestor between all of the organisms.

• It says that the cells randomly mutate in order to produce the limbs.

• It provides evidence that says that all organisms are actually the same as embryos.

• It tells scientists that evolution has caused the limbs to be different in the adult form.

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

8. When seed plants first begin to sprout, they will have either one or two leaves. This is a characteristic trait that can be used to identify what kind of plant is growing. How does this evidence support the theory of evolution?

• Each type of plant has evolved independently to form the correct number of leaves it needs.

• The plants with two leaves are more complicated than the ones with only one leaf, so they must have evolved first.

• The plants with one leaf are found later in the evolutionary history of plants, so they evolved more recently.

• Regardless of how many leaves they produce, all seed plants evolved from a single, common ancestor long ago.

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

9. Which of these does NOT provide evidence that evolution has occurred?

• the fossil record

• where organisms live

• the physical differences between organisms

• similar structures between organisms

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10. Which of these would be the best thing for scientists to examine if they wanted to see if two organisms had a common ancestor?

• They would look at the larval forms of the organisms.

• They would look at what the organisms liked to eat.

• They would look at how the organisms reproduced.

• They would look at how the organisms migrated to new locations.

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