nEw SpAiN

This activity was a major motor for the internal economy. It allowed the creation of more cities and the expansion to the North.

• Industry

• Mining

• Banking

• Agriculture

• Cattle - Raising (Ganadería)

Politically, the King had absolute power. He made all the decisions and controlled all aspects. One of them is called Regalismo. What do you think it is?

• King can appoint colonial officials

• King directs the economy

• King has control over the Catholic Church in Spain

• King is the supreme military commander

These people, while being a minority, had all major political positions in New Spain.

• Peninsulares

• Criollos or Creoles

• Mestizos

• Priests

There is a principle of obedience that explains why the New Spanish people didn't rebel for 300 years. What is it?

• If you rebel against the king is like rebelling against your family

• Rebelling against the authority is punishable by death

• If you're loyal to the king you're loyal to God, and viceversa.

• Obedience has to be followed or you could be banned from the colony

Main local way of governing the colony

• Only Spanish municipalities

• Pueblos de indios and pueblos de españoles

• Based on local prehispanic organization

• Gov't set up military settlements to control the local population

Technically, New Spain was completely under Spanish control but in practice, due to the distance between the colony and Spain, could govern itself

• True

• False

New Spain social hierarchy:

• Spaniards, criollos and mestizos, indians, blacks

• Criollos, mestizos, indians, blacks

• Spaniards, criollos, mestizos, indians, blacks

• Mestizos and criollos, spaniards, indians

Viceroys:

• Spaniards exclusively

• Term limited

• Answer to the Audiencia and King

• Couldn't use colonial resources for their benefit

The Church was the major financial institution. The source of their wealth came from:

• Donations

• Loans

• Sacraments

• Tithe and other like capellanías or censos.

• Royal income

Agriculture demonstrates continuity because:

• Colonial authorities continue to use Prehispanic tehcniques like milpa and chinampa

• Colonial authorities continued to use same land as prehispanic cultures

• Maize continued to be a major crop

• Colonial authorities used indians as peasants.