Innovation & Quality Management, chapter 4

The innovation process is classified according to the following models (select the correct one).

• Linear model (innovation system & triple helix); interactive models (linkage model, science push & market pull, and open innovation).

• Linear model (science push, market pull); interactive models (linkage model, innovation system, triple helix & open innovation)

• Linear model (open innovation & market pull); interactive models (linkage model, innovation system, triple helix and open innovation)

• All are correct

Given the shortcomings of linear models in explaining the innovation process, interactive models emerge. Specifically, what do they aim to combine?

• The consequences and effects that innovation has on the company's results.

• Competitiveness and economic growth.

• Market needs and scientific supply in a single model.

• Human capital and factors internal to the company.

What is the role of each of the actors in the following triple helix model (state, industry and academia as independent actors)?

• A) This situation creates an environment conducive to the emergence of Hybrid Organisations.

• B) The State dominates industry and science through the control of resources. In this case, Universities have a role limited to education (teaching), without relations with the business fabric.

• C) The government promotes laws and acts in the case of market failures. Universities only intervene by offering knowledge. Companies interact only to a limited extent with other agents.

• A and B are correct.

What is the role of each of the actors in the following model of the triple helix (state, industry and academia as interconnected?

• A) This situation creates an enabling environment for the emergence of Hybrid Organisations.

• B) The State dominates industry and science through control of resources. In this case, Universities have a role limited to education (teaching), without relations with the business fabric.

• C) The government promotes laws and acts in the case of market failures. Universities only intervene by offering knowledge. Companies interact only to a limited extent with other agents.

• D) A and B are correct.

Indicate which model conclusively explains the innovative process, without gaps and without leaving open questions.

• None, given that innovative activity is complex, diversified and with many of its components in permanent interaction.

• The open innovation model

• The triple helix model

• The chain-link model

With respect to the chain-link model, what does feedback refer to?

• A) They are feedback links between the stage of the core innovation pathway and the previous one.

• B) They are feedback links between the final product to the previous stages of the core innovation pathway and from the final product of the core innovation pathway to its potential market.

• C) To the connections between existing knowledge and innovation and research.

• A and B are correct.

What is the main difference between the triple helix models and the innovation system?

• In the innovation system, the central agent or actor is the firm.

• That in the triple helix model, the central agent or actor is the firm.

• That in the innovation system, the central agent or actor is the state.

• That in the triple helix model, the central agent or actor is the state.

Innovation and competitiveness, why innovate? (you should select two answers)

• To improve their performance, either by reducing demand or by increasing costs. A new product or process can put the innovator in an advantageous position in the market.

• To improve their performance, either by increasing demand or by reducing costs. A new product or process can put the innovator in an advantageous position in the market.

• To refine knowledge about how innovation is generated in the company.

• When it comes to process innovations that achieve productivity gains, the firm benefits from a cost advantage over its competitors.

Why are Centres for Innovative Enterprises (CEEIS) interesting?

• A) Because they offer business opportunities, advice, motivation and accompaniment in the development of the different business phases.

• B) Because they favour the development and application of scientific and technological activities, hosting research institutions (usually universities) and knowledge-intensive companies.

• C) Because knowledge is transferred mainly within the park area and its surroundings, but also with research institutions and companies located outside the park.

• B and C are correct.

Some features of Technology Centres: they a legally constituted profit-making entity, resident in Spain, without its own legal personality, created with the aim of contributing to the general benefit of society and improving the competitiveness of companies through the generation of technological knowledge, and which carries out R&D&I activities to develop its application?

• A) True.

• B) False, they are non-profit entities.

• C) False, they have their own legal personality.

• B and C are correct.