What is the main cause of air pollution?

• Volcanic eruptions

• Industrial emissions and vehicle exhaust

• Tree respiration

• Ocean waves

Which air pollutant is most responsible for acid rain?

• Carbon dioxide (CO₂)

• Methane (CH₄)

• Sulfur dioxide (SO₂)

• Ozone (O₃)

What does PM2.5 refer to?

• Particulate matter smaller than 2.5 cm

• Particulate matter smaller than 2.5 micrometers

• Pollutants that peak at 2.5 PM daily

• Carbon monoxide concentration level

Air pollution only affects outdoor environments. (True/False)

• TRUE

• FALSE

Exposure to high levels of air pollution can lead to respiratory diseases such as asthma and bronchitis. (True/False)

• TRUE

• FALSE

What is ground-level ozone (tropospheric ozone) primarily formed from?

• Direct emissions from factories

• Reactions between nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in sunlight

• The breakdown of carbon dioxide

Which of the following best describes the relationship between ground-level ozone and temperature?

• Ozone levels are lower in hotter temperatures

• Ozone formation increases with higher temperatures and sunlight

• Ozone is only produced at night

What is the primary source of nitrogen oxides (NOx) in urban areas?

• Forest fires

• Vehicle emissions

• Dust storms

• Natural gas combustion

Which of the following is a secondary pollutant?

• Ozone (O₃)

• Carbon monoxide (CO)

• Nitrogen dioxide (NO₂)

• Sulfur dioxide (SO₂)

What is the primary health effect of long-term exposure to air pollution?

• Enhanced immune response

• Improved lung function

• Reduced risk of allergies

• Increased risk of heart disease