The epigenome and epigenomic profiling

There are 4definitions below, select the answer that correctly labels each definition

1. Pattern of inheritance where modifications occur to a nuclear gene or chromosome that alters gene expression

2. The combination of changes in gene expression within the genome

3. Chemically modified from the addition of a different onto the end of the tail

• 1.Epimutation, 2.Histone Modification, 3.Epigenome

• 1.CpG Island, 2.Histone Modifications, 3.Epigenome

• 1.Epigenetics, 2.Epigenome, 3. Histone Modification

What strategy of methylation detection, converts all cytosine's to uracil's and leaves 5-methycytosine residues unaffected?

• Comparitive genomic hybridisation

• Bisulfite conversion

• Chromatin immuniprecipitation

• Digestion of DNA by methylation-sensitive or insensitive restriciton endonuclease

Select the options that apply to a CpG island

• Highly enriched with CpG sequences

• at least 200 bp in length

• GC content of less than 50 %

• Observe-to-expect ratio of at least 60%

Types of epigenetic changes include (you can select more than one):

• DNA Methylation

• DNA Acetylation

• Histone modifications

• Non-coding RNA

• All of that above

Commonly, _________ of histones leads to the silencing of genes.

• phosphorylation

• methylation

• acetylation

• All of these could silence the genes

Histones are proteins that bind to and order the DNA into tight clusters, making it inaccessible to transcription machinery. How does the cells loosen the interaction of the histone and DNA?

• By adding acetyl groups to the DNA

• By methylating the DNA

• By adding acetyl groups to the histone

• By removing acyl groups from the histone

A chemical modification of DNA that does not affect the nucleotide sequence of a gene but makes that gene less likely to be expressed.

• acetylation

• methylation

• point mutation

• in/dels

Which techniques among those below can detect the methylation of cytosine at the single-base resolution?

• Bisulfite sequencing

• MeDIP Sequencing

• MBD Sequencing

• ChIP-Seq

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of affinity enrichment methods for DNA methylation profiling

• Cost-effective

• Can differentiate between 5mC and 5hmC

• No mutation introduced

• Can detect at single-base resolution

Which of the following statements is correct (you can choose more than one)?

• MeDIP-Seq works on double-stranded DNA, while MDB-Seq works on single-stranded DNA

• MeDIP-Seq relies on the use of methylated cytosine antibodies, while MDB-Seq relies on methyl-domain binding proteins.

• MBD-Seq is more sensitive to regions with higher CpG density, while MeDIP-Seq is more sensitive to regions with lower CpG density

• MeDIP-Seq has different options for elution fractions so it can target regions with different CpG densities while MDB-Seq does not.