Cells Test Review (12/16/21)

The diagram represents a process that occurs during normal human development. Which statement is correct regarding the different structures seen in heart, brain, and lung cells?

• All the cells have identical DNA with identical expression of their genes.

• The heart, brain, and lung cells each got a different set of DNA from the fertilized egg.

• The DNA of the fertilized egg differs from the DNA of the other cells.

• Different cell signals resulted in different sets of genes being turned on or off in the heart, brain, and lung cells.

Independent assortment is one of the factors that contributes to genetic diversity. Which statement correctly describes independent assortment?

• The homologous pairs separate independently of one another during the first division of meiosis

• The homologous pairs bond together during metaphase II of meiosis

• The homologous pairs bond together during metaphase II of mitosis

• The homologous pairs separate independently of one another during the first division of mitosis

The diagram represents a process that occurs during normal human development. Which statement is correct regarding the cells and the DNA?

• Only the fertilized egg contains DNA

• All the cells have identical DNA

• The DNA of the fertilized egg differs from the DNA of the other cells

• The DNA of the fertilized egg differs from some, but not all the other cells

If a chemical that interrupts cell division is added to a culture of human liver tissue, which process would stop?

• Breakdown of glucose

• Diffusion of nutrients

• Meiosis

• Mitosis

One difference between cell division in plant cells and in animal cells is that animal cells have

• chromatic

• cell plate

• centrioles

• centromeres

During normal mitotic cell division, a parent cell that has four chromosomes will produce two daughter cells, each containing

• Sixteen chromosomes

• Two chromosomes

• Eight chromosomes

• Four chromosomes

What are the reasons that cells divide? (Choose all correct answers)

• Replace old and worn out cells

• Mutation of DNA

• Growth of the organism

• Add new DNA

• Replace damaged cells

The division of the nucleus and DNA to create 2 identical daughter cells is called-

• Interphase

• Cytokinesis

• Meiosis

• Mitosis

Many fully differentiated mammalian neurons can repair themselves if damaged. But these neurons cannot reproduce. When new neurons are needed, they are made from precursor cells called stem cells. Does the existence of neurons in the body conflict with cell theory?

• Yes, because cells with damage are replaced not repaired

• Yes, because cells divide and make more cells like themselves

• No, because neurons are vital structures, but they are not cells

• No, because neurons are cells that are made by other cells.

The phase in mitosis where chromosomes move away and are pulled apart by spindles to opposite sides of the cell.

• prophase
• anaphase
• metaphase
• telephase