Simple Machines & Energy Part 1: 7.P.2.1

This graphic shows the motion of a pendulum. The pendulum is released from rest at position 1, and then swings through positions 2 - 5.

What is the pendulum's mechanical energy at position 1?

• potential energy = 100%

  kinetic energy = 0%

• potential energy = 25%

  kinetic energy = 75%

• potential energy = 50%

  kinetic energy = 50%

• potential energy = 75%

  kinetic energy = 25%

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NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

The graphic shows a cliff with a boulder resting on it.

• The rock in its current state is an example of kinetic energy.

• The rock in its current state is an example of potential energy.

• The rock will exhibit potential energy if it begins to roll down the cliff.

• The rock will exhibit kinetic energy if it remains resting in the same position.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-2

A toy car is released at the top of an inclined plane. How does the car's energy change as it rolls down the inclined plane?

• Both its kinetic energy and potential energy increase.

• Both its kinetic energy and potential energy decrease.

• Its kinetic energy increases, and its potential energy decreases.

• Its kinetic energy decreases, and its potential energy increases.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

A ball fell to the floor after rolling off a table. What was true of the ball's energy as it fell?

• The ball's potential energy must have remained the same as it fell to conserve mechanical energy.

• The ball's kinetic energy must have remained the same as it fell to conserve mechanical energy.

• The ball's potential energy decreased as it fell, so its kinetic energy must have increased to conserve mechanical energy.

• The ball's potential energy decreased as it fell, so its kinetic energy must have decreased to conserve mechanical energy.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

A roller coaster car with a mass of 50kg starts from rest at location 1 on the track as shown in the diagram.

Assuming there is no friction between the car and the track, which identifies the location where the mechanical energy is equal to only the kinetic energy of the car due to its motion down the track?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

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NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

What is the mechanical energy of a ball that has 5 Joules of potential energy and 10 Joules of kinetic energy?

• 2 Joules

• 5 Joules

• 15 Joules

• 50 Joules

Which kind of energy is most often used when operating simple machines?

• light energy

• sound energy

• kinetic energy

• mechanical energy

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NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Which object has kinetic energy?

• a rock resting on a cliff

• a car parked in a driveway

• a barrel drifting down a waterfall

• a house positioned on a mountainside

Which is best described as the use of force to move an object?

• distance

• inertia

• speed

• work

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NGSS.MS-PS2-2

As the mass of an object increases, which most likely happens to the mechanical energy of the object?

• It increases.

• It decreases.

• It remains the same.

• It changes to light energy.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-5