Age of Revolutions

Which of the following major changes resulted from the Scientific Revolution?

• The replacement of heliocentrism with geocentricism

• A change in the way scientific investigations were conducted

• A change in the way the Church handled scientific revelations

Which conclusion can be made about most revolutions throughout world history?

• They were attempts by elites to regain power from the masses.

• They were fought in the name of liberty and self-determination.

• They involved enslaved and imprisoned individuals who wanted to gain their freedom.

According to the Declaration of Independence and similar documents, what should citizens and noncitizens do when the government fails to protect their natural rights?

• Emigrate to another country

• Hold an election to choose new leaders

• Alter or abolish the government

The state of nature has a law of nature to govern it, which obliges every one: and reason, which is that law, teaches all mankind, who will but consult it, that being all equal and independent, no one ought to harm another in his life, health, liberty, or possessions[.]— John Locke, Second Treatise of Civil Government, 1689

Which form of government would Locke most likely have supported?

• Monarchy

• Monarchy

• Democracy

Which of the following best describes the immediate effect of the Puritan Revolution, the Magna Carta, and the English Bill of Rights on the English system of government?

• The power of the monarch was significantly limited.

• Freedom of religion was promoted and religious diversity was embraced.

• Legislation was passed to extend voting rights to all citizens.

With which of the following are many of the ideas of Baron de Montesquieu, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and John Locke associated?

• The consolidation of monarchical power during the Spanish Inquisition

• The imperialist policies pursued by major European powers

• Political reforms that brought an end to France's absolute monarchy

Peter the Great and Louis XIV would most likely have agreed with which of the following statements?

• "Do not question government authority."

• "Natural rights should never be infringed upon by the government."

Which of the following is most closely associated with the belief that kings are God's representatives on Earth?

• Limited monarchy

• Feudalism

• Divine right

Which of the following is a characteristic of democracy?

• Government policy is controlled by religious leaders.

• The military controls what legislation is passed.

• Government restricts the thoughts and actions of the people.

• Citizens are the source of power in government.

Before the French and American Revolutions, both countries were ruled by what form of government?

• Representative democracy

• Monarchy