Physical Science Final Study Guide

What is an atom?

• Anything that has mass and takes up space

• A molecule that forms water

• A particle that cannot be divided

• A cell in the human body

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-1

What is the difference between an ion and an isotope?

• Ion - electrically charged elements (cation-positive, anion-negative); Isotope - atoms of the same element with a different number of neutrons

• Ion - atoms with different numbers of protons; Isotope - atoms with different numbers of electrons

• Ion - atoms with different numbers of neutrons; Isotope - atoms with different numbers of protons

• Ion - atoms with different numbers of electrons; Isotope - atoms with different numbers of protons

What is the difference between a cation and an anion?

• Cations - positively charged particles, Anion - negatively charged particles,

• Cations - negatively charged particles, ; Anion - positively charged particles,

• Cations - positively charged particles, Anion - positively and negatively charged particles

• Cations - positively and negatively charged particles, ; Anion - positively charged particles,

If an atom loses an electron, what is the charge?

• Positive (group 1 +1, group 2 +2, group 13 +3)

• Negative (group 1 -1, group 2 -2, group 13 -3)

• Neutral (no charge)

• Double negative (group 1 -2, group 2 -4, group 13 -6)

If an atom gains 3 electrons, what is the charge?

(a)  

Which subatomic particle weighs the least?

• Electrons

• Protons

• Neutrons

• All three have the same weight

Label each of the following atoms based on the image provided. Look at the number of protons to determine the element name.

• potassium

• magnesium

• chlorine

• calcium

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-1

A group on the periodic table is:

• A row of elements that have the same number of electron shells.

• A column of elements that have similar chemical properties.

• A set of elements with increasing atomic number in a period.

• A block of metals in the center of the table.

A period on the periodic table is:

• A vertical column that tells us the number of valence electrons.

• A horizontal row that tells us the number of electron shells.

• A group of elements with similar chemical properties.

• A section that indicates the atomic number.

What is an ionic bond and what is it made of?

• An ionic bond is a chemical bond formed between two atoms by the transfer of electrons, and it is made of positive and negative ions.

• An ionic bond is a bond formed by sharing electrons between two nonmetals.

• An ionic bond is a weak attraction between molecules.

• An ionic bond is a bond formed by the overlap of atomic orbitals.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-5