NC of Pt. with Disorders of the Endocrine Pancreas

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases in which defects in insulin secretion or action result in elevated blood glucose hyperglycemia.

• T

• F

Prediabetes refers to Blood Glucose levels that are above normal but do not meet the criteria for diagnosing diabetes. Prediabetes occurs before the onset of type 1 diabetes

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• F

A newer group of medications is the incretin mimetics. These are injectable drugs that are not insulin

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• F

Diagnostic tests for diabetes mellitus include fasting BG, random BG, oral glucose tolerance test, and glycohemoglobin.

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• F

The person with type 1 diabetes has no endogenous insulin and, therefore, must inject insulin weekly.

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For which of the following blood glucose results would the nurse administer a “fast sugar”?

• 48

• 80

• 126

• 223

The nurse knows a patient with type 1 diabetes needs more education when the patient makes which of the following statements?

• “I must take insulin pills for the rest of my life.”

• “I will count my carbohydrates at each meal and snack.”

• “I will monitor my feet carefully every day.”

• “I will try to keep my blood glucose between 70 and 130 mg/dL before meals.”

Diabetes is diagnosed when the fasting blood glucose is greater than _____ mg/dL. Fill in the blank.

A nursing home resident with a long history of diabetes requests a heating pad for cold, numb feet. What is the best response by the nurse?

• “Let’s soak your feet in hot water instead; that might be safer.”

• “Let’s elevate your feet to promote circulation and provide more warmth.”

• “I will bring you a heating pad; it will help your circulation in your feet.”

• “A heating pad can cause burns, but I can bring you some extra socks.”

Which meal plan is best for the patient with reactive hypoglycemia?

• High-carbohydrate meals

• Small, frequent meals

• Avoidance of fats and proteins

• Three medium to large meals daily