Unit 4 - Protein Synthesis Review

DNA unzips in multiple locations along the strand and begins replication at each location. How does this conserve the original DNA?

• Each strand of the DNA is matched with new bases to create 2 new copies, each with 1/2 of the original strand.

• Each strand of the DNA is read and a new strand made. The two new strands combine and the original rezips and is conserved.

• The unzipped DNA breaks into fragments, the pieces are copied, and then the fragments are put back together again.

• The enzymes at each unzipping site record the DNA bases, then rezip it. They create new DNA from their records, preserving the original DNA.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

The table describes the steps involved in the production of proteins in a cell. A student uses the information to design a model of the process. Which steps show the proper sequence of steps?

• X, Z, Y, W

• W, Y, Z, X

• X, W, Z, Y

• Y, Z, W, X

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

A researcher identifies a strand of a genetic material that has the sequence ACC GTA. What is the substance and how is it identified?

• DNA, because it contains the bases A, T, G and C

• DNA, because it contains the sequence G, T and A

• RNA, because it contains the sequence A, T, G and C

• RNA because it contains the bases A, U, G and C

What is the DNA complement to this DNA sequence: TGA GCC TTA GGA

• UCT CGG UUT CCT

• ACT CGG AAT CCT

• ACU CGG AAU CCU

• TGA CGG TTA GGA

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

If the anticodon of a molecule of tRNA has the sequence GAU, what was the original DNA sequence?

• CTA

• CUA

• GAT

• CAT

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

What is the end result of translation?

• Strands of mRNA

• molecules of protein

• new ribosomes in the cytoplasm

• exact copies of the original parent DNA

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Which statement describes translation?

• On a ribosome, a mRNA codon is paired with a tRNA anticodon carrying an amino acid, forming a polypeptide.

• On a ribosome, a tRNA codon is paired with a mRNA anticodon carrying an amino acid, forming a polypeptide.

• In the nucleus, DNA is unzipped and read, forming tRNA codons which are paired with mRNA to form polypeptides.

• In the nucleus, DNA is unzipped and read, forming mRNA codons which are paired with tRNA to form polypeptides.

When a strand of DNA was replicated, one base was left out. Why would this be more damaging than if the base was only changed?

• The process stops and must restart at the beginning after the new sequence of DNA has been read.

• The missing base would leave a hole in the new DNA strand, causing the structure to be unstable.

• The rest of the DNA cannot be read, as it would recognize that the number of bases changed.

• The codons shift one letter for all bases after the mutation changing all of them as well.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

A strand of DNA has the sequence GATTACA. When replicated, the resulting strand is GATTTCA. What has happened?

• The DNA was replicated properly, as some changes are expected each time DNA is copied.

• In the replication process the DNA code was changed resulting in a mutation.

• The "A" changed to a "I" which is not unusual, as they always pair and are interchangeable.

• The entire strand was translated wrong, as all "T" bases should have been changed to "U."

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

Why would a mutation in a sex cell potentially have a larger impact than a mutation in a body cell?

• The egg from the mother would be mutated.

• The sperm from the father would be mutated.

• The mutation would cause sterility in the parent in question.

• The mutation would be included in all of the offspring's cells.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

NGSS.HS-LS4-2