Genetics stuff

the stored set of instructions for a protein, found on a specific locus (position) on a chromosome

A form of a gene; different alleles code for the same trait but different versions of the trait.

• Allele

• Genotype

• Heterozygous

• Gene

The genetic composition of an organism for a particular trait; the set of alleles (one from each parent) that an organism has for a particular trait

Always expressed in the phenotype

Masks a recessive allele if paired with one

  Has the same effect on the phenotype whether it is paired with the same allele or a different one

Represented by a capital letter

These are features of:

• Gene

• Recessive allele

• Dominant allele

• Heterozygous

Only expressed in the phenotype when present with the same allele (homozygous); e.g. ww

Is masked by a dominant allele

  Represented by a lower-case letter

These are features of a:

Possessing two identical alleles of a gene

Possessing two different alleles of a gene; dominant allele will be expressed

• Dominant allele

• Pure breed

• Homozygous

• Heterozygous

Passing of traits from parent to offspring

Any characteristic that can be passed from parent to offspring

Cross involving a single trait

• Monohybrid cross

• Trihybrid cross

• Dihybrid cross