Sociology Ch 17- Formal Organizations

groups become associations when their goals, statuses, and roles become more formalized and its member recognize

• Formal Organization

• Formal Association

• Common Organization

• Common Association

suggested that bureaucracies are the ultimate result of increasingly rationalized forms of social groups, relationships, and work

• Emile Durkheim

• Frederick Winslow Taylor

• Max Weber

• Carl Marx

viewing all tasks and social relationships in terms of means and ends

• Social Instruments

• Instrumental rationality

• Instrumental causality

• Rationality

the most evolved form of social organization, based on instrumental rationality

• Ideal Type

• Bias

• Bureaucracy

• Supremacy

a hypothetical extreme case that exhibits all the possible characteristics of a thing or phenomenon

• Ideal Type

• Bias

• Bureaucracy

• Supremacy

These traits make bureaucracies extremely efficient at what they do except:

• High regards for old traditions

• Status (position) hierarchy

• Role (task) specialization

• Rationalized accounting, formal records

once fully established, bureaucracy is among the social structures which are the hardest to destroy

• Bureaucracies inertia

• Parkinsons Law

• Ideal Typical

• Bureaucratic ritualism

the preoccupation with rules and regulations as ends in themselves rather than means to larger organizational goals

• Bureaucracies inertia

• Parkinsons Law

• Ideal Typical

• Bureaucratic ritualism

work expands to fill the time available for its competition

• Bureaucracies inertia

• Parkinsons Law

• Ideal Typical

• Bureaucratic ritualism

bureaucrats are promoted until they reach their level of imcompetence, which is where they remain

• Parkinsons Law

• peter principle

• Oligarchy

• Oligopoly