In the development of urban land, which of the following is typically built on the most accessible sites?

• Single-family housing

• Farm markets

• Retail complexes

• Industrial parks

• High-rise apartment buildings

Based on a comparison of the zones in the model shown, which of the following best explains how the model is limited in its representation of present-day urban land-use patterns?

• The model does not account for the prices of agricultural land on the urban periphery, where land prices continue to decline.

• The model does not show that taller buildings constructed in the central business district are a result of increased land costs.

• The model does not indicate that land for apartment buildings is more expensive than land for single-family homes.

• The model does not account for the existence of suburbs composed of single-family homes where the housing structure is more expensive than the land it is built on.

• The model does not show the cost-to-distance effects of multiple suburban central business districts and the pattern of residential areas that surround them.

Which of the following best explains what the concentric zone model and bid-rent curve illustrate about patterns of urban areas?

• Together they show how housing prices rise exponentially in rural areas.

• Together they show how land prices rise exponentially closer to the central business district.

• Together they show how rents for apartments drop precipitously closer to the central business district.

• Together they show how rents for agricultural land rise exponentially farther from cities.

• Together they show how rents for commercial office space rise exponentially on the urban periphery.

All of the following have helped create ghettos in North American cities EXCEPT

• blockbusting and racial steering

• redlining by financial institutions

• concentration of public housing and social services

• fixed school district boundaries

• Economic Enterprise Zones

Which of the following is a true statement about classic models of city structure?

• The concentric zone model does not have a transitional area.

• The sector model is highly influenced by transportation patterns.

• The central business district has the most dominant position in the multiple nuclei model.

• The multiple nuclei model and the sector model are similar in that they both have only one core.

• The interaction between the central city and the suburbs is greatest in the urban realm model.

Which of the following best explains the strength of the diagram shown as a theoretical model in human geography?

• The model presents a general theory that is most applicable to metropolitan areas that were once colonial-era Spanish cities.

• The model presents a general theory that is applicable to metropolitan areas that were first settled in the era of postcolonial independence.

• The model presents a general theory that is most applicable to metropolitan areas that were once colonial-era Portuguese cities.

• The model presents a general theory that is most applicable to metropolitan areas with service-based urban economies.

• The model presents a general theory that is most applicable to metropolitan areas with technology-based urban economies.

The National Capital Territory of Delhi, India, includes the old city of Delhi; the national capital city of New Delhi; and surrounding districts, where much of the city’s population resides.

A. Using the data in the table, describe how Delhi is classified as a megacity.

B. Describe a pull factor that has contributed to Delhi’s total population change over time.

C. Explain how local housing development has contributed to the change in Delhi’s population density, as shown in the data table.

D. Given Delhi’s population density, describe a challenge related to urban infrastructure that the city’s government is likely to face.

E. Explain the challenge to Delhi’s local environmental sustainability that is shown in the photograph.

F. Explain the degree to which India’s level of economic development as a country contributes to Delhi’s local challenges to environmental sustainability.

G. Explain a possible solution to the challenge of environmental sustainability that is shown in the photograph.

La Défense is an edge city constructed in the late twentieth century and characterized by high-rise office buildings. Which of the following best explains why La Défense is located on the outskirts of Paris?

• The land at the center of Paris is filled with numerous historic buildings that residents do not want torn down.

• Land in the city center is not as valuable as land on the edge of the city.

• The center of Paris is not well-served by public transportation.

• La Défense needs access to the river in order to export manufactured goods to other countries in Europe.

• The center of Paris is inhabited by low-income residents, and wealthy residents prefer to live in the suburbs.

As old central business districts and industrial zones in more developed countries lost businesses and employment in the mid- to late twentieth century, suburban development expanded. Which of the following types of cities resulted from rapid suburban growth and the expansion of retail areas, office developments, business centers, and corporate headquarters to provide jobs and services in suburban areas?

• Megalopolises

• Financial districts

• State capitals

• Edge cities

• Manufacturing zones

Which of the following is true of an edge city?

• It is located on the edge of a lake, river, or other physical feature.

• It is close to bankruptcy.

• It is an outlet for a region’s trade.

• It is increasingly used for heavy industry.

• It has a large amount of recently developed retail and office space.