Evolution Exam Review

Which organism shares the closest relation to Chimpanzees?

• Gorillas

• Bonobos

• Human

• Orangutans

Answer explanation

Chimpanzees and Bonobos are in the same clade group. This means that share the same common ancestor.

Each dot (node) represents a common ancestor, the closer the 'dot' the closer the relationship!

Embryology is the student of the embryos to look for similar developmental structures. At what time would a scientist use Embryology?

• Early Developmental

• Adolescent Developmental

• Adult Developmental

Answer explanation

Embryology is the study of early developmental stages.

An embryo is the result of a sperm cell fertilizing an egg cell to create an organism.

Which answer choice best represents why a species will change over time?

• pressure to avoid overeating

• pressure to develop a more likable personality

• pressure to adapt to environmental favtors

Answer explanation

As environmental factors change, only those that are best adapted will survive to reproduce. Therefore, those best adapted will eventually evolve the species - this takes millions of years in most species!

Select the correct definition and example of Analogous structures.

• Remanent structures that no longer necessary for daily life

• Structures that are similar in form, but serve different functions

• Human Arm, Whale Flipper, Horses Front Leg...

• Structures that serve the same function, but are formed differently.

• Bat Wing - Butterfly Wing - Bird Wing -

Answer explanation

Analogous structures are similar in function, yet they are made differently.

What information can be gained from a fossil index record?

• Geological time periods

• What ancient species ate

• Organisms who can only be found in one area

• How a species has changed overtime

Answer explanation

View the image. Which species is going to share a more recent ancestor with the Przewalski's horse?

• Grevy's zebra

• Onager

• African 'donkey'

Answer explanation

The Onager horse is geographically closest to the Przewalski's horse. Due to its close proximity, it will have a more recent common ancestor over the other breeds.

True or False: All but birds share Thecodonts as a common ancestor

• True

• False

Answer explanation

Given the image of this phylogenetic tree, all species share Thecodonts as a common ancestor.

View the image. After 10 days, which species has the most stable environment living separately.

• P. aurelia

• P. caudatum

Answer explanation

Make sure that you analyze graphs carefully. They will give you important context in how to answer questions correctly!

What could have caused these species to evolve differently if they all share a common ancestor?

• Natural Selection

• Genetic drift (random event)

• Genetic mutations

• Environmental Conditions

Answer explanation

Natural Selection is the MAIN mechanism of evolution. It relies on Nature (the environment) to select the best adapted traits - this will help a species eventually evolve from a common ancestor into a new species.

Which things are required for a species to adapt new traits?

• Genetic Variation

• Sexual Reproduction

  (Meiosis)

• Regulation of Gene Expression

  (Protein Synthesis)

• Mutations

Answer explanation

Genetic Variation is required! It is achieved through sexual reproduction (Meiosis) and Mutations.

Regulation of gene expression is also important because proteins needs to be made! This was just a reminder, it's not on the test.