Unit 8 Industrialization Practice Test

The Industrial Revolution describes a time when

• people rejected socialism and began calling for capitalism.
• people began to use the scientific method to find answers to their questions.
• work done by machines in factories replaced work done by hand.
• industrialized nations created overseas colonies.

Why was England the leader in industry during the early years of the Industrial Revolution?

• England produced more cotton and had more workers than any other country in the world.
• England directly bordered France, Spain, and Russia which made trade easy.
• England had a socialist government which paid all workers the same wage.
• England first invented factory machines and had a monopoly of industrial technology.

During the Industrial Revolution, the factory system led to

• high wages for factory workers.
• mass production of goods.
• large movement of people to rural areas.
• higher prices for manufactured goods.

Which of the following is true of the Industrial Revolution?

• The industrial revolution helped bring an end to slavery in America.
• The industrial revolution first began in France.
• The first industry to use machines and factories was textiles.  
• By the end of the industrial revolution, most factories were powered by rivers.

Which of the following best explains the impact of railroads during the Industrial Revolution?

• Railroads were so slow and expensive that automobiles quickly replaced them.
• Railroads increased transportation costs led to a decline in factory output.
• Railroads were expensive and cost factory owners more money.
• Railroads increased the need for coal, steel, and steam engine production.

Which of the following is true about the Industrial Revolution?

• The Industrial Revolution began first in Germany, then spread to England.
• Living conditions for urban factory workers were typically better than those of rural farmers.
• Children and women rarely worked in factories because these jobs were reserved for men.
• The number of unskilled workers in factories increased.  

All of the following countries became industrialized by the end of the 19th century EXCEPT:

• Japan
  
• United States
• Egypt
• Germany

In the late 1800s, one response of workers in England to unsafe working conditions was to

• form labor unions.
  
• move away from cities.
  
• change jobs frequently.
• take control of the government.

Socialism is an economic system in which

• individuals and corporations own the factories while the government plays a minimal role in  the economy.
  
• the government controls all factories, farms, and transportation and distributes jobs.
• society is unequal because of the large gap between the rich and poor.
• the laissez-faire principle is applied to the economy.

A major similarity between socialism and communism is both economic models emphasize:

• the importance of free enterprise and the desire for profits.
• the importance of laissez-faire economics.
• a minimal role of the government in the economy.
• a society without classes in which all citizens are equal.