Three Ancient Chinese Philosophies

What was the Legalist view of human nature?

• people are basically selfish

• people are naturally curious

• people are motivated by love

• people want to do what is right

A philosophy of following the natural way of the universe

• Daoism

• Confucianism

• Legalism

• Buddhism

An ancient Chinese philosophy stating that a strong leader and a strong legal system, not moral values, are needed to create social order

• Legalism

• Confucianism

• Daoism

• Buddhism

A belief system that emphasizes filial piety and proper behavior.

• Confucianism

• Legalism

• Daoism

• Buddhism

In the later years of the Zhou Dynasty, what condition in China led to new philosophies? (a)  

• wealth
• disorder
• feudalism
• democracy

Daoists taught that people could gain happiness by (a)  

• reading the ancient texts
• serving in government jobs
• living in harmony with nature
• working hard to become wealthy

Which of these describes a ruler who followed Legalism?

• a ruler who believed in few rules and laws

• a ruler who allowed people to write their own laws

• a ruler who severely punished people who break laws

• a ruler who ruled as little as possible

Which of the following phrases describes Daoism?

• Give harsh punishments to those who disobey laws.

• Lead by example.

• Rule as little as possible.

• Set clear laws.

Hanfeizi, whose teachings were the basis for Legalism, wrote that rulers should emphasize (a)  

• honesty and trust
• scholarship and ideas
• trade and manufacturing
• rewards and punishments

In a chart titled “Yin and Yang”, pleasure would be paired with: (a)  

• pain
• reward
• afterlife
• enjoyment