AOP, MI, & External Text Features Review - 8H (LONG)

In a text with a SEQUENCE text structure, the author...

• describes a topic and its characteristics

• tells about events in the order they happened

• explains how topics are similar and different

• describes a problem and then explains how someone solved it

In a text with a CAUSE AND EFFECT text structure, the author

• describes a challenge or issue and then explains how someone solved it

• describes a topic and its characteristics

• tells about events in the order they happened

• explains something that happened and the reason why

In a text with a GENERALIZATION text structure, the author

• introduces the idea and defines what it means

• makes a broad statement about a group of people, often using assumptions

• tells a listing of facts and events in no special order

• explains the procedure for how something is done or created

In a text structure with an ENUMERATION text structure, the author

• explains how the procedure for how something is done or created

• introduces the idea and defines what it means

• tells a listing of facts and events in no special order

• makes a broad statement about a group of people, often using assumptions

Identify the main text structure used in the passage:

Many students in the United States say that they've been bullied at school. Susie Hampton is a high school student who was bullied a lot in middle school. She often had no one to sit with at lunch, so she created a phone app called "Sit With Us." This app allows students to sign up and post when there are free seats at their lunch tables. These students have promised to be kind to those who come sit with them. Hampton hopes that her app will help students find people to sit with without fear of being bullied.

• concept and definition

• problem and solution

• compare and contrast

• sequence

Identify the main text structure used in the passage:

A river can be described as a large natural stream of flowing water. The source of a river is the place where the river starts. This is usually the highest point in the river. Many rivers begin in springs, which are places where underground water flows to the Earth's surface. Some rivers begin in melting glaciers high up in the mountains or in lakes.

• sequence/chronological

• concept and definition

• cause and effect

• problem and solution

Identify the main text structure used in the passage:

Robots that look like humans are called androids. However, not all robots are androids. The industrial robots used in manufacturing and production look like machines and not at all like human beings. In thinking about this, what does an android have in common with an industrial robot? They both have computers, and they both have sensors to gather information and ways to interact with their environments, too.

• cause and effect

• problem and solution

• sequence/chronological

• compare and contrast

Identify the main text structure used in the passage:

A current is a steady flow of water in the ocean. In the Pacific Ocean, garbage from the shore and ships gets trapped by ocean currents. The currents move the trash into a large area in the middle of the ocean. As a result, a swirling mass of plastics has accumulated in one spot. The accumulation of the plastics and seawater has caused such a significant obstacle in the water that it has been named the Great Pacific Garbage Patch.

• cause and effect

• concept and definition

• problem and solution

• compare and contrast

Which of the following has a CHRONOGICAL/SEQUENTIAL organizational pattern?

• The Veterans Day National Ceremony is held every year at Arlington Cemetery. The ceremony always starts at 11 o'clock. A wreath is laid on a special monument that honors soldiers. The Veterans Day Ceremony also includes a parade and speeches by important figures.

• The fighting in World War I stopped on November 11, 1918. A year later, President Woodrow Wilson declared November 11th Armistice Day. He said that every year Americans would honors and thank the verterans who fought. Armistice Day became a federal holiday in 1938.

• Armistice Day became the holiday that is now known as Veterans Day. Both holidays celebrated veterans. However, while Armistice Day was only for veterans of World War I, Veterans Day is for all veterans of any war.

• Across the country, people celebrate Veterans Day in different ways. Some schools and businesses close for the day or have a moment of silence at 11 o'clock. Groups may also organize spaces.

Which of the following has a COMPARE AND CONTRAST organizational pattern?

• Mars is often referred to as a red-orange planet in our solar system. There are eight planets in the solar system that orbit, or travel around, the sun. Mars is the fourth planet from the sun.

• Scientists at NASA, the United States space program, think that there is liquid water on Mars. Pictures of the surface of Mars showed wet-looking spots. Researchers used these pictures to figure out that liquid water exists there.

• The ExoMars 2016 mission blasted off on March 14, 2016. The spacecraft is owned by Russian and European space programs. It left from the country of Kazakhstan. Additionally, the ExoMars spacecraft has special tools to help scientists learn more about Mars.

• Mars is farther away from the sun than the Earth is and is much colder. Additionally, Mars is 142 million miles from the sun, while Earth is 83 million miles away. Even though Mars is smaller and colder than Earth, the two planets are similar. Both have seasons, such as winter and summer.