During ____________, _____________ convert light energy into oxygen and carbohydrates. 

• chemosynthesis, consumers
• chemosynthesis, producers
• photosynthesis, producers
• photosynthesis, consumers

Some producers don't rely on light for energy. Bacteria near hydrothermal vents use sulfur molecules to produce their own ________. Producing energy-rich nutrient molecules from chemicals is called ________.

• consumers, photosynthesis
• photosynthesis, chemosynthesis
• food, chemosynthesis

What is a food chain?

• A pyramid that shows all energy flow through an ecosystem

• A linear representation of how energy passes between organisms

• A representation of all the predator-prey relationships in a community.

What type of organisms are always at the bottom of a trophic pyramid?

• Secondary Consumers

• Apex Predators

• Producers
• Primary consumers

Examples of producers:

• flies, fungus, and termites
• plants and organisms capable of chemo or photosynthesis
• lions, deer, and shrubs

Why can't the top level of a trophic pyramid contain a large number of organisms?

• Because as energy moves from the bottom to the top level, less and less energy is available to higher levels.
• Because the original energy from producers is the total energy available to all the organisms in the energy pyramid.
• because only about ten percent of the energy available at one level is transferred to the next level.
• all of the above

What is the very first source of energy for the majority of food webs?

• Plants
• Sunlight
• Mineral in the soil
• Decomposers

What is indicated by the diagram?

• Food web
• Food chain
• Food map
• Food menu

Which of these best explains why predators need plants, such as grass, in their ecosystem?

• Plants are a large part of their diets
• Plants provide safety for predators
• Plants break down the organisms that the predators eat
• Plants provide food for their animals that the predators eat

Trophic levels are represented by 

• squares
• circles
• pyramids
• lines