Supreme Court Cases

This ruling explicitly outlawed racial segregation of public education facilities (legal establishment of separate government-run schools for blacks and whites), ruling so on the grounds that the doctrine of "separate but equal" public education could never truly provide black Americans with facilities of the same standards available to white Americans

• Brown vs Board of Ed

• Escobedo vs ILL

• Dred Scott vs Sanford

• Gregg vs Georgia

This ruling determined that it is unconstitutional for state officials to compose an official school prayer and require its recitation in public schools, even when it is non-denominational and students may excuse themselves from participation.

• Engle v. Vitale

• Gibbons v. Ogden

• Furman v. Georgia

• Escobedo v. Illinois

This ruling held that criminal suspects have a right to counsel during police interrogations. indigent criminal defendants had a right to be provided counsel at trial.

• Roe v Wade or Planned Parenthood v Casey

• Gregg v. Georgia

• Escobedo v. Illinois or Gideon v. Wainwright

• Reynolds v Sims or Baker v Carr

This ruling affirmed the government’s decision regarding the Japanese American Internment during World War II and found that it was not unconstitutional. Over 40 years later, the court officially admitted that this ruling was in violation of the concept of limited government.

• McCulloch v. Maryland, 1819

• Mapp v. Ohio, 1961

• Marbury v. Madison, 1803

• Korematsu v. United States, 1944

This ruling held that evidence obtained in violation of the Fourth Amendment protection against "unreasonable searches and seizures" must be excluded from criminal prosecutions in state courts, as well as federal courts.

• Mapp v. Ohio, 1961

• Miranda v. Arizona, 1966

• McCulloch v. Maryland, 1819

• Marbury v. Madison, 1803

This ruling held that criminal suspects must be informed of their right to consult with an attorney and of their right against self-incrimination prior to questioning by police.

• Regents of California v. Bakke, 1978

• Plessy v. Ferguson, 1896

• New Jersey v. TLO, 1985

• Miranda v. Arizona, 1966

This ruling held that schools can search students with reasonable cause. This case lessens the Tinker doctrine and gives school officials greater latitude in disciplining students

• New Jersey v. TLO, 1985

• Plessy v. Ferguson, 1896

• Regents of California v. Bakke, 1978

• Roe v. Wade, 1973

The Supreme Court ruled that the "separate but equal" provision of the Louisiana law was constitutional. The case established this principle of segregation until it was overturned in 1954.

• Regents of California v. Bakke, 1978

• Roe v. Wade, 1973

• Plessy v. Ferguson, 1896

• Tinker v. Des Moines School District, 1969

Controversies arose after universities began using affirmative action. The Court decided that a state supported school could use race as a basis for admission, though it ruled that minority quotas were illegal. Student was admitted to medical school.

• Texas v. Johnson, 1991

• Tinker v. Des Moines School District, 1969

• Roe v. Wade, 1973

• Regents of California v. Bakke,1978

A constitutional right to an abortion is established, though the court laid down a trimester criteria in determining whether states can impose restrictions.

• Obergefell v Hodges, 2015

• Roe v. Wade, 1973

• Tinker v. Des Moines School District, 1969

• Texas v. Johnson, 1991