Chapter 2: Reconstruction

What was one impact of these issues on Republicans following the Civil War?

• They rejected the idea of creating a group of new African-American voters sympathetic to their party. 

• They disagreed over whether the President or Congress should set conditions for Reconstruction.

• They agreed to let Southerners govern their own affairs without federal interference.

• They refused to treat the Southern states as conquered areas

What was an immediate effect of the changes described above, which were implemented by Congressional Reconstruction?

• The citizenship rights of African Americans were withheld.

• The balance of power in Southern state governments shifted.

• Northern and Southern whites were reconciled more quickly.

• Confederate leaders automatically regained their confiscated properties.

Which amendment guaranteed the “equal protection” of the laws to all American citizens?

• 1st Amendment

• 13th Amendment

• 14th Amendment

• 15th Amendment

The statement below was by Thaddeus Stevens, a Radical Republican leader.

What reasons did Stevens give in this statement for granting voting rights to African Americans?

• African Americans deserved to vote after contributing their unpaid labor for centuries.

• Democrats and Republicans were in agreement on the fairness of letting all races vote

• Republicans must offer voting rights to freedmen before Southern Democrats do.

• Black voters would help Republicans to maintain control of the Congress and Presidency.

What impact did Radical Republicans in Congress have on Reconstruction?

• They opposed the passage of the Fourteenth Amendment

• They encouraged the freedmen to exercise their new political rights.

• They persuaded President Johnson to pardon former Confederate leaders.

• They prevented President Johnson from sending federal troops to the south.

Which is the best contemporary definition of a “scalawag”?

• A Northern abolitionist who supported the Freedmen’s Bureau.

• A Northerner who came to the South after the Civil War.

• A White southerner who supported Reconstruction.

• A freedman entitled to vote.

What was a positive long-term impact of Radical Reconstruction on the South?

• Women were given the right to vote

• Confederate leaders never again held elected office

• Public education systems were established for students of all races.

• The South remained divided into five districts governed by martial law.

What was an important effect of the sharecropping system and debt peonage?

• Freedmen achieved social and political equality in the South.

• Freedmen played an important role in local and state government.

• Freedmen achieved economic independence from their former masters.

• Freedmen often remained in a state of economic dependence on their former masters .

The cartoon below by Thomas Nast was published in 1874.

What was the main message of this cartoon?

• Opponents of Reconstruction were using violence in intimidate the freedmen.

• Different groups of Southerners were cooperating to rebuild the South after the war.

• The Ku Klux Klan and other private associations in the South were assisting the freedmen.

• The 14th Amendment protected the rights of freedmen despite the activities of the Ku Klux Klan

Which phrase completes the diagram on the left?

• Discriminated against African-Americans

• Required racial segregation in all public places

• Provided Americans of all races with equal rights under the law

• Denied African-Americans freedom of movement and basic civil rights.