A group of people who offer opinions about a product or service.

• pures research

• applied research

• consumer panel

• processing

Process of creating or improving a product or service.

• product development

• pure research

• mass production

• custom manufacturing

Research done without a specific product in mind.

• manufacturing

• pure research

• mass production

• applied research

Research that studies existing product problems or possible design improvements for current products.

• intermittent processing

• pure research

• consumer panel

• applied research

Form of production in which raw and semifinished materials are processed, assembled, or converted into finished products.

• product development

• applied research

• mass customization

• manufacturing

Assembly process that produces a large number of identical products; usually involves an assembly line.

• mass production

• manufacturing

• custom manufacturing

• repetitive production

Manufacturing process in which raw materials constantly move through specially designed equipment that changes their form to make them more usable for consumption or further manufacturing.

• custom manufacturing

• intermittent processing

• mass customization

• continuous processing

Type of mass production where the same thing is done over and over to produce a product.

• mass customization

• repetitive production

• intermittent processing

• manufacturing

Manufacturing process that uses short production runs to make predetermined quantities of different products.

• continuous processing

• repetitive production

• mass customization

• intermittent processing

Process used to design and build a unique product to meet the specific needs of the purchaser.

• continuous processing

• custom manufacturing

• intermittent processing

• mass customization