Mechanisms of Evolution

A physical trait favored by an environmental change can be called an (a)  

• adaptation
• extinction
• possibility
• mutation

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Two populations of the same species are separated by land barriers like rivers or mountains.

• geographical isolation

• temporal isolation

• adaptive ratiation

• behavioral isolaton

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After a long time in isolation, Island fruit flies and mainland fruit flies meet. They do not produce viable eggs due to genetic differences. The flies have resulted in two seperate lineages due to:

• Gene Pool

• Genetic Drift

• Gene Frequency

• Speciation

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The finches shown live on different islands off the coast of Ecuador, what caused the birds to become so different from one another?

• Allopatric speciation

• Reproductive isolation

• Different food sources on the islands

• All of these

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According to the theory of natural selection, why are some individuals more likely than others to survive and reproduce?

• Some individuals pass on to their offspring new characteristics they have acquired during their lifetimes.

• Some individuals are better adapted to exist in their environment than others are.

• Some individuals do not pass on to their offspring new characteristics they have acquired during their lifetimes.

• Some individuals tend to produce fewer offspring than others in the same environment.

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In natural selection, the selective agent is the

• humans
• mutations
• breeders
• environment

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what did Charles Darwin observe in finch populations of the Galapagos Islands off the coast of South America?

• different species on different islands
• all species on one of the islands
• identical species on all the islands
• the same species as North America

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Mutations are important because they bring about

• death of the organism in which they develop

• genetic variation needed for a population to evolve

• benefits for the individual, not for the population

• Hardey-Weinberg equilibrium within a population

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Which of the following is a term for a group of similar organisms that can reproduce fertile offspring?

• individual
• population
• species
• fossil

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Genetic drift is change in the allele frequency of a population due to...

• random chance

• natural selection

• non-random mating (sexual selection)

• artificial selection