Unit 8 AP Ecology Review

A herd of zebras would be considered a

• community
• species
• ecosystem
• population

Two organisms of different species exist in a relationship in which each individual benefits from the activity of the other:

• commensalism
• parasitism
• herbivory
• mutualism

All of the following are density-dependent factors that limit animal populations EXCEPT.

• weather
• predation
• food competition
• birthrate

Which of the following is a primary consumer in this food web?

• Foxes
• Carrots
• Mice
• Owls

Which organism contains the most energy?

• Rabbit
• Grains
• Birds
• Mice

Which point on the graph represents carrying capacity?

• A
• B
• C
• D

Why is only 10% of the energy passed along to the next trophic level?

• 90% is lost through heat, reproduction, and movement
• 90% is gained
• 90% is lost in light energy
• because only 10% is lost

All of the following statements concerning characteristics of predator-prey relationship are correct EXCEPT:

• Camouflage is an adaptation that protects prey.
• A rise in the population of predators is followed by a decreased in the population of prey.
• A rise in the population of prey is often followed by a rise in the population of predators.
• The population of predators most often eliminates the population of prey

Which of the following best explains why there are seldom more than five trophic levels in a food chain?

• Most carnivores function at more than one trophic level
• Trophic levels about this numbers contain too many individuals
• Energy is lost from each trophic level
• The ecosystem contains too much biomass

Which of the following represents the combination of all relevant environmental variables in which a species or population lives?

• clade
• hybrid zone
• phylogeny
• ecological niche