Coal and Petroleum Mining

Reclamation is.....

• not required in the US.
• a process that causes significant environmental damage.
• returning the land back to its original condition after mining
• required for every country and every type of mine in the world.

Acid mine drainage is cause by which element?

• carbon
• sulfur
• nitrogen
• boron

 Which type of mining is associated with disturbing more land?

• Surface mining 
• Sub-surface mining
• Mining in the oceans

A serious hazard of coal mining is

• a high pressure water blast

• an aggregation

• excess overburden

• an underground mine fire

Today, most of the coal is used to:

• power steamships and steam trains
• heat homes and businesses
• produce electricity
• make iron and steel

Which BEST describes how coal forms?

• dead plant material completely decomposes in a desert environment
• tiny sea animals and plants die and are buried by sediment 
• dead plant material temporarily decays in a swamp environment
• dead animals partially decay in a desert environment

Type of surface mining that uses explosives, massive shovels, and even larger machinery called drag lines to expose seams of coal underneath

• mountaintop removal
• area strip mining
• contour strip mining
• open-pit mining

Layer of soil and rock overlying a mineral deposit

• underburden
• overburden
• lithosphere
• asthenosphere

Tailings are

• minerals found in metamorphic rock
• magma ore resulting from seafloor spreading
• the remaining supply of metals on Earth
• the waste material from mining

One way Oil Sands benefit the economy

• drive up gas prices

• keeping the ecosystem healthy

• open up job opportunities

• drive up taxes