Biology Study Guide

Cell theory was first proposed in 1838. Evidence obtained through additional scientific investigations resulted in the current cell theory. Which statement describes a component of the original cell theory that was removed because of the new scientific knowledge?

• All living things are made of cells.

• All cells come from other preexisting cells.

• Cells form through spontaneous generation.

• Cells are the basic structural and functional units of life.

Which invention from the 17th century allowed for the development of modern cell theory?

• X-rays

• Computers

• The light microscope

• The scanning electron microscope

Cell Structure

There are some similarities between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Which of the following structures is found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

• Lysosome

• Mitochondrion

• Nucleus

• Ribosome

Cell Structure

Cells need to bring in molecules to carry out cellular processes. Often, this requires moving the molecules across the cell membrane against the concentration gradient. How do these molecules get into the cell?

• Passive transport by diffusion

• Active transport using ATP

• Passive transport by osmosis

• Phagocytosis

Cell Structure

Which type(s) of cells have genetic material that is contained in a nucleus?

• Bacteria

• Only animal cells

• Protists

• Both plant and animal cells

Cell Structure

Which characteristic do most plants have in common?

• They are unicellular

• They are prokaryotic

• They produce seeds

• They are autotrophic

Cell Structure

Which cell structure is correctly paired with its primary function?

• Ribosome - protein synthesis

• Mitochondrion - movement

• Vacuole - cell division

• Nucleus - storage of nutrients

Cell Structure

The diagram above represents a cell of a green plant.

Solar energy is used to produce energy-rich compounds in which structure?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Cell Structure

A person with swollen gums rinses his mouth with warm salt water, and the swelling decreases. Which of the following has occurred?

• The swollen gums have absorbed the saltwater solution.

• The saltwater solution lowers the temperature of the water in the gums.

• The salt in the solution has moved against the concentration gradient.

• The water in the gums has moved out due to the high concentration of salt in the solution.

Cell Structure

The diagram above represents a cell.

Which organelle is the site where amino acids are synthesized into proteins?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4