Defining Non-Defining Relative clauses

How many kinds of relative clauses do you know?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Defining relative clauses

• ask questions

• haven't got a relative pronoun

• give essential information

• give additional information

Non-defining relative clauses

• have two relative pronouns

• provide us with essential information

• give additional information

• haven't got a relative pronoun

Non-defining relative clauses have the following punctuation mark:

• . (full stop)

• , (comma)

• ! (exclamation mark)

• - (dash)

"Who" is used to refer to

• things and animals

• things

• animals

• people

"Which" is used to refer to

• things and animals

• people

• possession

"Whose" is used to express

• time

• reason

• people

• possession

"When" is used to refer to

• things

• place

• time

• people

"Where" is used to refer to

• place

• time

• possession

• people

"Contact clauses" may be used in

• defining clauses

• non-defining clauses